O tumor venéreo transmissível é uma neoplasia distribuída mundialmente que acomete cães principalmente pelo contato sexual, os animais acometidos geralmente desenvolvem nódulos no trato reprodutivo inferior. As metástases são incomuns, normalmente são observadas em animais imunocomprometidos. O objetivo deste é relatar um caso de tumor venéreo transmissível em cadela disseminado pelo abdômen. A paciente apresentava uma massa única em região cranial da vagina e massas de diversos tamanhos aderidas à parede abdominal, ao mesentério e à serosa de órgãos como intestino, baço, vesícula urinária e útero, visibilizadas ao exame ultrassonográfico. Os exames complementares como a vaginoscopia e as análises citomorfológicas das massas da cavidade abdominal e em fundo de vagina foram de grande importância para o diagnóstico definitivo. O tratamento semanal com 0,5 mg/m2 de Sulfato de Vincristina durante sete semanas foi efetivo. A importância deste relato é a forma incomum de metástase de TVT, visto que acometia somente a serosa dos órgãos abdominais, sem comprometer a função destes.
<i>Lucilia cuprina</i> is a vector of important diseases in humans and animals that causes myiasis in sheep, leading to enormous damage to the sheep sector. Chemical products are used to control these flies; however, there are reports of resistance in addition to these products causing toxicity to the environment, humans, and animals, so alternative controls have been studied to reduce these impacts. <i>Pleurotus</i> spp. are basidiomycete fungi and present bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. Due to the potential use of fungi to control Diptera, this study aimed to verify the activity of <i>Pleurotus florida, P. ostreatus</i>, and <i>P. djamor</i> in the control of larvae and adults of <i>L. cuprina</i>, as well as the effects of aqueous extracts of the fungi <i>P. ostreatus, P. djamor</i>, and <i>P. florida</i> on larvae and adults of <i>L. cuprina</i>. The aqueous extract from <i>P. florida</i> was the only one that showed larvicidal activity against <i>L. cuprina</i>, with a half-maximal effective concentration of 11.42 mg/mL. In the test with adult stages, 30 insects were used for each solution concentration, sprinkled with 1 mL of the solution. All aqueous extracts showed adulticidal activity at all concentrations, <i>P. ostreatus</i> showing the best results, with adult mortality ranging from 75.86 to 100%. Our results demonstrated an important larvicidal effect of <i>P. florida</i> and an adulticidal effect of all AE, with emphasis on <i>P. ostreatus</i>.
Background: Calf diarrhea remains one of the main diseases affecting the cattle industry. Persistence of this significant problem is associated with the complexity of factors that may be involved (infectious, environmental). An accurate diagnosis is essential for confirming the cause and helping clinicians and cattle producers to apply appropriate strategies in a timely manner. This report describes the histological changes according to the degree of salmonellosis severity, which is a contagious infectious disease caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, a Gram-negative bacterium, in two beef calves in northern Paraná State, southern Brazil. Cases: Two 90-day-old crossbred Angus and Nellore calves from a beef farm in northern Paraná State were referred to a Veterinary Hospital. Animal 1- developed acute clinical signs (enteritis, ataxia, and muscle rigidity) and died the day after the signs began. Gross findings included heavy and non-collapsed lungs, pulmonary oedema, hepatomegaly, enteritis, and severe diffuse typhlitis. Microscopic analysis revealed severe diffuse necrotic enteritis, typhlitis, severe diffuse interstitial pneumonia, moderate centrilobular hepatic necrosis, mild multifocal nephritis, and severe spleen and lymph node necrosis. Paratyphoid nodules were evidenced on the liver, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Animal 2- presented apathy, green fibrinous diarrhea, and died three days after the onset of clinical signs. The macroscopic examination showed moderate diffuse enteritis and hepatosplenomegaly. At the microscopic examination, many paratyphoid nodules were observed on the liver, spleen, kidneys, and Peyer's patches, which were associated with intralesional and intravascular bacilli. Additional findings included severe diffuse fibrinous necrotic enteritis with intralesional bacilli, diffuse interstitial pneumonia, multifocal splenic necrosis, lymphoid depletion, and moderate multifocal to coalescent lymphocytic nephritis. Histological Gram staining was performed on selected samples, revealing intralesional Gram-negative bacilli in the liver and intestine. Thus, liver and intestine fragments were used for the microbiological examination. Microbiological culture, isolation and biochemical tests identified the genus Salmonella spp. Then, the colonies were subjected to serological tests for serovar identification, according to ISO/TR 6579-3, which determined the serovar Dublin. After identifying the disease etiological agent, the outbreak was controlled by appropriate antibiotic therapy combined with the correction of sanitary measures.Discussion: Enteritis is a frequent disease in calves, posing a diagnostic challenge in identifying the etiological agent. In the present case, the histological, microbiological, and serological results confirmed a disseminated Salmonella spp. infection. The microscopic findings, such as interstitial pneumonia, fibrinous necrotic enteritis markedly in ileum and paratyphoid nodules in various organs, are the most common aspects of the disease. However, fibrinous cholecystitis, which is considered pathognomonic for salmonellosis, was not observed in this study. Therefore, the absence of such a lesion should not exclude the disease in sick animals. A microscopic injury score was used to determine lesion severity by assigning values from 1 to 4, wherein: 1 = no apparent lesions, 2 = mild lesions, 3 = moderate lesions, and 4 = severe lesions. Both calves were scored as 4. Multiple predisposing factors for the condition were identified in this farm such as different age animals in the same paddock and no specific paddock for sick animals, given that the infectious agent remains in feces, saliva, and nasal discharge. The serovar Dublin induces several clinical signs such as septicemic, respiratory, and enteric manifestations, making a clinical diagnosis a challenge. Keywords: dysbiosis, calf diarrhea, infection, paratyphoid nodules, septicemia.Descritores: disbiose, diarreia neonatal, infecção, nódulos paratifoides, septicemia.Título: Salmonelose em bezerros pelo sorovar Dublin no estado do Paraná, Brasil - aspectos clínico-patológicos
No abstract
RESUMOA termoterapia é uma modalidade terapêutica que emprega diferentes métodos que utilizam o frio e/ou o calor para o tratamento de doenças ou traumas. Apesar de ser bastante difundida na Medicina Veterinária, é possível constatar que muitos protocolos de tratamento são empíricos ou extrapolados de resultados de pesquisas em humanos. Poucos estudos sobre as respostas às diferentes modalidades de termoterapia foram conduzidos em cães. A aplicação do frio ou crioterapia é indicada para reduzir os sinais da inflamação aguda. A utilização do calor é um dos procedimentos terapêuticos mais antigos, sendo uma terapia adjuvante na analgesia e no aumento de oxigenação tecidual local e da extensibilidade do tecido conjuntivo. Agentes de aquecimento superficial podem penetrar até 2cm de profundidade, enquanto que o calor profundo até 5cm. O calor superficial pode ser aplicado através de compressas ou bolsas quentes, água morna e cobertores ou colchões aquecidos. Já o calor profundo vem sendo utilizado através da aplicação do ultrassom terapêutico. Um dos objetivos mais importantes de qualquer programa de reabilitação é alcançar uma completa amplitude de movimento. Técnicas de mobilização para tentar melhorar a condição muscular e a movimentação articular podem ser utilizadas, porém, está indicado o aquecimento prévio dos tecidos envolvidos. A termografia de infravermelho é um recurso de diagnóstico por imagem emergente indicada para aferir as variações térmicas de superfícies, podendo ser utilizada no monitoramento do aquecimento ou resfriamento superficial relacionados à utilização das modalidades de termoterapia.
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