This research’s aim was to identify the relationship between weather element with PM10 concentration in Banjarbaru both during normal condition and during smoke fog (smog) condition, to study the condition’s effect afflicts to weather element and PM10 concentration in ambient air and to determine standard quality concentration PM10’s threshold in ambient air during smog condition. The data were 10 minute PM10, humidity, and temperature and daily weather of 2015 that obtained from Banjarbaru Climatology Station meanwhile data of hotspot’s in South Kalimantan at 2015 was taken from MODIS satellite of Terra Aqua owned by NOAA. The 10 minutes data has been clustered using K-means method and the daily weather element relationship with PM10 concentration obtained based on regression analysis. When normal conditions, only temperature, and duration of irradiance were significantly has positively correlated with PM10 concentration, air humidity and significant rainfall are negatively correlated, the remain is not significant in effect, while during smog conditions; temperature, duration of irradiation, air pressure, average wind velocity, and maximum significant wind speed are positively correlated, air humidity, and rainfall significantly negatively correlated. Based on the results of K-means clustering analysis of PM10 concentration, there was higher humidity, higher temperature, and PM10 concentrations were below the standard quality threshold under normal conditions while in the case of smog conditions, lower humidity, lower temperature, and PM10 concentrations were above the quality standard threshold. PM10 concentration during smog condition reaches dangerous status/above the standard quality threshold before dry season until late dry season at 02.20 is in the dusk until 12.30 pm.
Black soldier fly larva merupakan salah satu agen pendegradasi limbah organik. PT KIU merupakan salah satu industri perkebunan dan pengolahan kelapa sawit. Salah satu limbah yang dihasilkan adalah solid decanter. Solid decanter dapat menjadi subtract yang tepat untuk black soldier fly larva (BSFL). Selain dapat emngurangi limbah organik, BSFL juga mengahasilkan biomassa dengan kandungan protein yang tinggi. Salah stau produk yang dapat diproduksi dari biomassa BSFL adalah pelet ikan. Produksi pelet ikan dirasa mampu mendukung sirkular ekonomi di PT KIU. Kegiatan ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan karywanan di PT KIU dalam mengelola pelet ikan berbasis BSFL. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan karwayan PT KIU. Kegiatan dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu analisis permasalahan, perumusan masalah, pelaksanaan, pendampingan, dan evaluasi. Pada proses pelaksanaan di lakukan kegiatan workshop dan pelatihan pembuatan pelet berbasis BSFL. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan karyawan PT KIU di bidang pemanfaatan BSFL sebagai pelet. Disamping itu juga dilakukan pembuatan scenario peningkatan pendapatan. Diestimasikan terdapat penambahan pendapatan sekitar 318.260 per bulan, atau sekitar Rp. 3.819.120/tahun untuk setiap pekerja dalam kelompok yang terdiri dari 10 pekerja. Black Soldier Fly Larva Based Fish Pellet Making Workshop at PT Kharisma Inti Usaha Black soldier fly larva was one of the organic waste degrading agents. PT KIU was one of the palm oil plantation and processing industries. One of the wastes generated was a solid decanter. Solid decanters can be used as the substrate of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). Besides BSFL reduced organic waste, BSFL also produces biomass with high protein content. One of the products that can be produced from BSFL biomass is fish pellets. The production of fish pellets could support the circular economy at PT KIU. The goal of this program was to increase the knowledge and skills of employees at PT KIU in managing BSFL-based fish pellets. In addition, this activity also aimed to improve the welfare of PT KIU employees. Activities are carried out through several stages: problem analysis, problem-solving, implementation, mentoring, and evaluation. Workshops and training about how to make pellet was the main process. The results show that the knowledge and skills of PT KIU employees about the pellets production process are incresing. Besides that, a scenario for increasing revenue is also carried out. It is estimated that there will be an additional income of around 318,260 per month, or around Rp. 3,819,120/year for each worker in a group of 10 workers
The aim of this research was to determine the optimal harvest time based on variations in brondolan days through parameters of free fatty acid content (ALB) and water content in smallholder oil palm plantations. This study applied a factorial randomized block design (RAK) method consisting of 2 factors, namely variations in treatment days and variations in oil palm trees with a planting age of 10 years with 2 replications. Observation parameters include free fatty acid content and water content referring to the quality standard of CPO (Crud Palm Oil) in SNI. Determining the harvest time of oil palm fruit in the garden is carried out based on the level of maturity of the fruit. Determining the maturity of oil palm fruit is often referred as a fraction, but harvesters still use the method of fruit maturity degree by brondolan on the land before the bunch is cut. This brondolan is an indicator of suitable palm fruit for harvesting. The ALB content of the brondolan on the first day to the sixth day was analyzed with the standard method. The results of the free fatty acid content (ALB) according to the SNI standard are a maximum of 5% and the maximum factory standard of 3%. The effective or appropriate harvest time for harvesting oil palm fruit in smallholder plantations is on the first day <3%, resulting when the palm fruit arrives at the factory, it is still with ALB content that is in accordance with predetermined quality standards.
Research conducted by Akbar et all., (2015) 5,663 ml, 4,730 ml, 5,063 ml, 4,473 ml, 4,937 ml, 4,960 ml and 4,717
South Kalimantan is a largest rice producer in Kalimantan island. More than five years its rice met by their own production, moreover it has supplied to other area such as Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur and Kalimantan Utara. In many studies, rice stocks play a critical role in determining the regional’s food security. In recent issues, rice stocks has a wide impact on an array of economic, political, societal stabilities. Unfortunately, most of the land in Kalimantan Selatan is classified as wetlands, where the land productivity is low. Therefore, this study analyzes rice supply patterns in Kalimantan Selatan in order to provide policies development toward rice self-sufficiency. This research is using system dynamics approach to explore the system which then develop any alternatives of rice policies. Eventually, this study provides evidences for the need to consider rice supply system in the regional’s food security policies.
The development of plantations is currently accompanied by environmental issues arising from the waste from the palm oil industry. The utilization of waste to be of economic value is necessary to reduce negative impacts on the environment and create an environmentally friendly industry. Thus, it can reduce production costs, increase income, and not burden the environment. The purpose of this research is to analyze the environmental economic value of the utilization of liquid waste and tankos solid waste. This research method uses observation, interview, documentation, and economic valuation techniques. The results of the calculation of changes in the productivity of waste utilization as a reduction in the use of urea fertilizer, RP fertilizer, MOP fertilizer, and kieserite fertilizer provide an economic value of sludge liquid waste of IDR 46,644,326.72 and tankos solid waste of IDR 1,784,059,650.00. The results of the study conclude that the use of sludge liquid waste and tankos solid waste carried out by the company in 2017 with an applied area of 3,443.16 hectares was able to provide an environmental economic value of Rp. 1,830,703,967.72.
In line with the increasing population and the community's need for city facilities and infrastructure, urban development continues to increase. The paradigm of urban development should have changed and needs to be designed early towards the city with a better, more balanced way of life and still paying attention to environmental quality. The level of environmental comfort decreases as a result of the imbalance between built-up space and green open space (RTH) with the three main functions of urban vegetation being structural function, environmental function and visual function. RTH has a role in shaping the comfort of the urban climate through ecological functions, namely as a regulator of air temperature and humidity, so that it can be used as input in improving the quality of the microclimate by improving the quality of urban RTH so as to minimize the decline in environmental quality. The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of vegetation structure and the role in improving the microclimate at each Tropical Rainforest Miniature RTH location in the Governor's Office area in Banjarbaru City. Banua Botanical Garden as a research site located in the Banjarbaru City Area, South Kalimantan Provincial Government Office Complex. The influence of vegetation structure on Location I which is dominated by lawns/grasses and shrubs with horizontal and columnar header shapes with low header density. Meanwhile, in Location II, the shape of the canopy is columnar and horizontal with a medium canopy density and has a tree height of 3-4 meters, slightly reducing the air temperature around the RTH. For Locations III and IV, they have a pyramid-shaped and spherical header shape that acts as a counterweight to increasing air humidity and decreasing air temperature. The role of the Tropical Rainforest Miniature RTH in the Governor's Office area in Banjarbaru City in improving the microclimate based on air temperature at locations I, II, III and IV, namely 30.1°C, 29.2°C, 28.0°C and 27.3°C. It can be seen that location III and location IV have the lowest temperature because they have characteristics of vegetation structures that can lower air temperature. For humidity parameters, it will adjust to air temperature conditions as well as wind speed will adjust to the vegetation structure in the RTH.
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