Highlights This systematic review provides a comprehensive review examining the ischemic preconditioning (IPC) literature in sports science over the last 28 years. Studies showed the extent to which IPC can be beneficial to exercise performance. However, not all studies directly observed a positive effect of IPC on exercise performance. The effects of IPC intervention seemed to be more effective in healthy subjects who wished to enhance their performance in aerobic exercises than in athletes. Important clinical heterogeneities and methodologic heterogeneities were reported between studies (i.e., statistical, IPC interventions, outcomes, study participants, and study design heterogeneities).

No abstract

No abstract