An efficient and retrievable copper(I) catalyst was synthesized by immobilizing of copper iodide on 3‐thionicotinyl‐urea‐modified magnetic nanoparticles and characterized using a variety of analysis techniques. The catalytic activity of these nanoparticles was investigated in the one‐pot three‐component reaction of aryl halides, sodium azide, and terminal alkynes using choline chloride/PEG deep eutectic mixture as a green and recoverable solvent. The PEGylated deep eutectic solvent (DES), due to its favorable polarity and solubility, can make an effective association of polar and non‐polar reactants during the reaction, thereby accelerating the catalysis process. An array of 1‐aryl 1,2,3‐triazoles were obtained in good to excellent yields. The catalyst system can be readily recovered and reused at least five times with no appreciable loss of its activity.
Copper supported on magnetite nanoparticles modified with environmentally friendly ligand tricine was devised for synthesis of acetamides via C–C oxidative cleavage of ketones with amines. The catalyst was characterized using different techniques, including Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, scannin electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy. The protocol showed relatively high yields of acetamide products. Furthermore, the magnetic recovery of the catalyst rendered the overall process fast and efficient. It was used in the reaction for six consecutive cycles with negligible loss of catalytic activity. This research is the first report of application of magnetic nanocatalysts for synthesis of acetamides from ketones of low activity through a C–C bond cleavage strategy.
An efficient heterogeneous copper catalyst was developed by supporting copper acetate on magnetically separable triazine–vitamin B5. Its catalytic efficiency was evaluated in the cyanation of aryl halides with nitromethane as a non-toxic and cost-effective cyanating source.
In the current research, a green, robust, and economical metal oxide-based nanocatalyst has been developed by functionalization of coconut shell-derived mesoporous activated carbon with magnetically separable amino acid and subsequent decoration with Cu 2 O nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 @L-arginine-ACÀ Cu 2 O). This magnetic nanostructure was analyzed by different techniques including FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX/MAP, XRD, TEM, TGA, VSM, BET, and ICP-OES. The catalytic efficiency of the nanoparticles was studied in Ullmann N-arylation reaction of some N-heterocycle compounds including indole, imidazole, and pyrrole with various aryl halides in choline chloride/ glycerol (1 : 2), which is a green and biomass-based deep eutectic solvent (DES). The reaction proceeded smoothly and the desired N-arylation products were obtained in good to excellent yields (75-96 %). Notably, the magnetic porous nanocatalyst can be easily separated and reused at least six times without a notable decrease in its performance. The solvent is also able to recover, thereby increasing the attractiveness of this approach. In other words, this approach can serve to significantly expand the scope of the CÀ N coupling products for their applications in further studies.
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