Mastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the teat. One of the treatments that can prevent bacteria infection is teat dipping. This research was aimed to identify the effect of teat dipping after milking to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli) and the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis by quarter of udder. Milk samples were taken from normal lactation period of dairy cows, clinically healthy, and positive subclinical mastitis status when the intervention was applied. Sixty seven samples of quarters from 18 dairy cows were identified to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis before teat dipping and at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after teat dipping. Identification of the presence of pathogenic bacteria was done by culturing samples on selective agar media. The presence of common pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli decreased significantly after teat dipping, while Streptococcus agalactiae and other pathogenic bacteria did not decrease significantly. The presence of pathogenic bacteria based on the quarter of udder did not show the significance difference. Application of teat dipping after milking was able to decrease the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis. Keywords: pathogenic bacteria, subclinical mastitis, teat dipping AbstrakMastitis merupakan peradangan ambing yang dapat disebabkan oleh masuknya bakteri melalui lubang puting. Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat mencegah infeksi bakteri ke dalam jaringan internal ambing adalah celup puting setelah pemerahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh celup puting setelah pemerahan terhadap keberadaan bakteri patogen, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, dan Escherichia coli pada sapi perah positif mastitis subklinis serta menganalisa keberadaan bakteri tersebut berdasarkan posisi puting. Sampel susu yang digunakan berasal dari sapi perah dalam masa laktasi normal, sehat secara klinis, dan positif menderita mastitis subklinis sebelum diberi perlakuan celup puting. Sejumlah 67 sampel kuartir dari 18 ekor sapi perah diidentifikasi terhadap keberadaan bakteri patogen, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, dan E. coli JSV 35 (1), Juni 2017
ABSTRAKKabupaten Boyolali merupakan sentra peternakan sapi perah di Jawa Tengah. Namun demikian, kualitas susu segar peternakan rakyat masih rendah karena masih rendahnya praktik higiene dan sanitasi pemerahan. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kualitas susu segar peternakan sapi perah rakyat melalui penyuluhan dan pendampingan peternak. Untuk itu, sebanyak 10 peternak selektif di Kecamatan Sruni dan 12 peternak selektif di Kecamatan Lanjaran menjadi sasaran tiga tahap kegiatan. Pertama, pendataan awal tingkat higiene dan sanitasi pemerahan berdasarkan Uji Usap Agar Darah pada peralatan pemerahan. Kedua, implementasi penyuluhan dan pendampingan peternak, sekaligus untuk memantau pelaksanaan praktik higiene dan sanitasi pemerahan. Ketiga, pengambilan sampel susu segar untuk melihat jumlah total kuman menggunakan Total Plate Count (TPC). Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat higiene dan sanitasi untuk tahap pertama sangat buruk, dengan 60,4 sampel susu segar berada pada standar 6 (38.000 kuman/ml susu). Setelah implementasi penyuluhan dan pendampingan, sebanyak 95,5 sampel susu memiliki jumlah total kuman yang rendah, yaitu di bawah standar maksimum SNI, yaitu 1,0 x 10 6 cfu/ml. Hanya satu peternak (4,5) yang memiliki TPC sebesar 4,4 x 10 6 cfu/ml. Dengan demikian, terlihat bahwa intervensi penyuluhan dan pendampingan kepada peternak telah berhasil meningkatkan kualitas susu di peternakan rakyat.Kata kunci: pendampingan, penyuluhan, peternakan rakyat, sanitasi, susu ABSTRACTBoyolali District is the center area of dairy farm in Central Java Province. However, the quality of fresh milk of small scale dairy farm was still low due to a low quality of farming practice on hygiene and sanitation. The purpose of this activity was to improve the quality of fresh milk of small scale dairy farm through an extension and guidance of the farmers in using good hygiene and sanitation practices. For this purpose, 10 selecting farmers at Sruni Sub-district and 12 selecting farmers at Lanjaran Sub-district were subjected to intervention of three stages activities. First, collection of preliminary data of the level of hygiene and sanitation on milking process using Blood Agar Swab Test of milking equipment. Second, implementation of extension and advisory intervention. Third, evaluation of the microbiological milk quality based on Total Plate Count (TPC). The results showed that the hygiene and sanitation level of the first condition was considered as a bad category which 60.4% samples of fresh milk were on sixth standard (38.000 microorganism/ml of milk). After implementing extension and advisory intervention, 95.5% samples of fresh milk had a total microbiological number below SNI maximum standard (1.0 x 10 6 cfu/ml). Only one sample (4.5%) had TPC of 4.4 x 10 6 cfu/ml. Based on this result, the extension and advisory intervention could be used as a basis approach to increase the quality of fresh milk of small scale dairy farms.Keywords: advisory, extension, milk, sanitation, small scale dairy farms PENDAHULUANSus...
The aims of this study were to identify biosecurity condition and to analyse the relation of bird vendors characteristics toward biosecurity practices and biosecurity condition related to Avian influenza in Jakarta bird markets. Data were collected from four bird markets in Jakarta using randomly interview method of 75 respondents and observe the biosecurity practices in bird markets. Data were analysed using chi-square test and gamma test to analyse the relation between bird vendors’ characteristics and biosecurity condition. The result showed that 69,3% of bird vendors did the biosecurity practice in moderate level and only 10,7% did it well, meanwhile, most of bird kiosks (53,5%) in Jakarta got the poor category of biosecurity level. Beside that, bird vendors’ characteristics which has the significant relation (p<0,05) were age (p=0,003), education level (p=0,007), training (p=0,047), knowledge (p=0,000) and attitude (p=0,000) toward biosecurity condition related to Avian influenza in Jakarta bird markets.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur prevalensi mastitis subklinis dan mengevaluasi kualitas mikrobiologis susu di peternakan rakyat Kabupaten Boyolali. Metode pengukuran prevalensi dilakukan dengan memilih sebanyak 130 ekor sapi sebagai sampel individu menggunakan penarikan contoh acak sederhana, sementara evaluasi mikrobiologis susu dilakukan pada 22 peternakan model yang telah diberikan penyuluhan dan pendampingan terkait praktik higiene dan sanitasi pemerahan. Uji diagnostik mastitis subklinis dilakukan dengan reagen IPB-1 mastitis test dan perhitungan jumlah kuman dengan total plate count (TPC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi mastitis subklinis di peternakan rakyat kabupaten Boyolali masih tinggi yaitu 65% (57-74%). Dari hasil tersebut, 72 sampel (55%) positif satu (+) dan 13 sampel (10%) positif dua (++) uji mastitis subklinis. Disamping itu dari hasil evaluasi mikrobiologis setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, 95,5% sampel susu memiliki jumlah total kuman di bawah standar SNI yaitu 1,0 x 106 cfu/ml dan hanya terdapat satu peternak (4,5%) yang memiliki TPC sebesar 4,4 x 106 cfu/ml. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa prevalensi mastitis subklinis masih sangat tinggi dan perlu dilakukan penyuluhan kepada peternak sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesadaran untuk menerapkan praktik higiene dan sanitasi.
This study was aimed to determine Enterobacteriaceae contamination that were resistant against aantibiotics in duck meat which was related with food safety for the consumers. Total of 52 samples of ducks were taken from 5 subdistricts in Bogor District, i.e., Ciomas, Gunung Sindur, Klapanunggal, Jasinga, and Parung Panjang. This sample size was calculated based on the assumption of 95% confidence level, 50%predicted prevalence, and 10% standard error. The ducks were collected from small-scale farmers which supplied duck meat to markets, so the ducks were slaughtered by them. The samples of duck meat were handled aseptically and transported in cool box to the laboratory. The total of Enterobacteriaceae was examined using plate count method with violet red bile glucose agar according to Kornacki and Johnson (2001). The examination of antibiotic resistance was done using disc diffusion method and the results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Guidelines (CLSI 2012). The data was analysed descriptively. The results showed that the total of Enterobacteriacea were 79679 ± 260463 cfu/g. The majority of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from duck meat (84.6%) showed resistant against 5 of antibiotic (gentamycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and ampicillin). The Enterobacteriaceae had resistance against tetracycline (93.2%), trimethoprim (88.6%), and ampicillin (81.8%). Nevertheless, this family was still sensitive againts kanamycin (34.1%) and gentamycin (15.9%). The isolated bacteria (69.2%) showed multi-antibiotic 251
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