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Type Each symbol represents Example Logographic morpheme Chinese characters Syllabic syllable or mora Japanese kana Abugida phoneme (consonant+vowel) Indian Devanāgarī Abjad phoneme (consonant) Arabic alphabet Alphabetic phoneme (consonant or vowel) Latin alphabet Featural phonetic feature Korean hangul Bibliography Peter T. Daniels and William Bright, eds. (1996) The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. 920 pages plus endpapers showing the IPA. A spectacular survey of the entire panoply of writing systems in the world; a major achievement, and the sort of book a linguist will buy even if limited to buying one book every five years. Julie D. Allen et al., eds. (2007) The Unicode 5.0 Standard. Addison-Wesley. 1,420 pages. The complete presentation of the Unicode system of character encodings for all of the world's scripts and symbol systems, embracing 1,114,112 'code points', almost all available to encode characters â€" that may well be enough, even to include Chinese. Geoffrey Sampson (1985) Writing Systems. Stanford University Press. A readable survey (234 pages) by a linguist.

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It is well known that stressed post-vocalic [r] has been lost in many dialects of Modern English. Besides this recent loss historians of English have recognized that some [r]s in stressed syllables were lost at an earlier date.

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