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Customer knowledge (CK) is recognized as a critical organizational resource that provides competitive advantage. Capability of absorbing, sharing, and applying CK can be a challenge for organizations. Human, Organizational, and Technological conditions that facilitate CK management (CKM) are vital capabilities for organizations. This article intends to delve into the world of CKM by appraising and scrutinizing the present state of research and extracting organizational, individual, and technological CKM precursor factors. On the basis of a systematic literature review, this study gathers, integrates, and scrutinizes 66 papers pertaining to CKM precursor factors published during the period 2003–2016 on seven databases by adhering to a predefined review convention. The chosen articles have been appraised so as to mine pertinent information on a series of research questions. We noted a general rise in the number of related papers in the last 8‐year period. Selected articles have investigated CKM in 14 different contexts and 19 different countries. The result of extracting CKM antecedent factors shows that “Customer‐Centric Culture,” “Collaboration System,” and “CRM Technology Infrastructure” have the most frequency in the literature. However, “Intellectual Property,” “Program Champion,” and “Trust” are less iterative factors. Therefore, companies and researchers can use the result of this research for developing Human, Organization, and Technological capabilities in order to implement CKM successfully.

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In this study, Knowledge-Based View (KBV) and Theory of Technology in a Generic Customer Knowledge Management (CKM) Framework were assimilated to demonstrate the Organizational, Human and Technological antecedent factors that enable CKM processes to improve software product quality. A Theoretical CKM Framework was developed by extracting Human, Organizational and Technological factors from the literature, then, the “Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution” (TOPSIS) Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method was applied to find the importance level of factors to CKM development in software companies. The weight and priority of factors were determined by 31 experts in enterprise software development companies. The results show that, from an expert viewpoint, CKM antecedent factors are categorized into high priority and low priority groups. Organizational factors such as “Customer Involvement”, “Customer-Centric Culture” and “CKM Strategy Development” are high priority.

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