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Serum FGF21 level is strongly associated with early-stage diabetic kidney disease in the high-risk population of patients with T2D (particularly with circulating FGF21 values rising above 181 pg/mL). The association of serum FGF21 with subclinical stages of diabetic nephropathy may unearth perspectives on early detection and prevention of the advanced stages of chronic diabetes microvascular complications through effective FGF21-targeted therapy.

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Amyloidosis is a common complication of poorly controlled familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). A variety of organs including kidneys, heart, liver, thyroid and adrenal glands may be clinically affected. However, involvement of adrenal glands leading to significant inefficiency is rarely seen in FMF patients with amyloidosis. The impairment of neuroendocrine immune system in FMF together with proteinuria in renal amyloidosis is a challenge while interpreting adrenal function tests. Here we present a case report of a 42-year-old man with FMF and renal failure due to amyloidosis whose disease course was complicated by adrenal insufficiency.