Arginine grouped in a gluconeogenic amino acid extensively found in the animal's cells. Fast growing animals require more arginine in their diet as broilers and pigs. It plays a critical role in ammonia detoxification and protein biosynthesis. Arginine is not only involved in the synthesis and catabolism of a variety of nutrients in the animal body but mainly act as an immunomodulatory mediator. Along with nutritional function has immune-related functions. In urea cycle act as an important intermediate and also catalyzes the production of ornithine by enzyme arginase and converted into polyamines that involved later in cell proliferation and wound healing. Nitric oxide synthases catalyze the production of nitric oxide from arginine and NO is a cellular signaling molecule for immune regulation. Many hormones secretion increased by arginine particularly the growth hormones which could enhance the immune function. Arginine metabolism pathway and its downstream metabolites like nitric oxide and polyamines might be vital for the activation of T-cell and ultimately take part in adaptive immunity. For immune regulation, arginine could stimulate the production of different immune cytokines. In this paper, in the perspective to provide significance reference about arginine in the immune study, the arginine immune mechanism and use of arginine in animals will review. Contribution/Originality: Present study has contributed significant scientific information on a particular subject area "arginine as an immune regulator". Many researchers have discussed the arginine as feed ingredients in the animal diet, but less scientific data is available related to immune functions of arginine. Therefore, this study is one of the very few studies which have reported that arginine use as an immune regulator in animal nutrition. 1. INTRODUCTION Arginine as a basic amino acid consumed in diet as naturally was discovered over 100 years ago. Also some other food products contains arginine as constituents but in nuts, watermelon juice, seeds, algae, rice protein concentrate, meats, and soy protein isolate and seafood are rich in arginine [1]. First time in 1886 by German scientist, arginine was isolated from lupin and pumpkin seedling [2]. It was reported that arginine is essential amino acid for optimal growth as well as for the maintenance and nitrogen balance in newborn suckling piglets [3]. In young rodents it was reported to be essential for their optimum growth [4]. Arginine has a wide range of biological function, which is not only an important raw material for the synthesis of proteins, but also it is a
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.