Background: Diabetic foot problems are one of the most important complications of diabetes mellitus which causing a worldwide high cost morbidity which could be due to poor self-practices. Objectives: To assess the preventive food care practices among diabetic patients and to find out any significant association of these practices with selected socio-demographical and diabetic related characteristics. Patients and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Baquba city from the period of 20 th Septembers, 2016 up to 20 th March, 2017, by selecting a sample of (120) patients by using a structured questionnaire, the questionnaire composed of three parts, the first part contains information related to patients' demographic characteristics, the second part contains some information related to diabetic characteristics and the third part of the questionnaire consists of different questions about preventive foot care practices which consist of 14 positive items. Each one of these items must be answered either with (Always, Never or Sometimes). A three levels Likert scale was used to measure the variables. Finally, the data analyzed using SPSS (Ver.18) and the Chisquare was used to find out any association between studied data and preventive foot care practices. P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant in the present study. Results: Out of 120 diabetic patients, (40%) of them were over 60 years, (52.5%) were male patients, about one third (32.5%) were illiterate, most of them (40.8%) had moderate monthly income, majority of them (66.7%) were living in urban areas. Also the current study showed that the patient responses to preventive foot care practices were satisfactory at all studied items, except at the these items "drying my feet after washing, regular use of lotion or oil to moisturizing foot, taking care when clipping my toenail and visiting doctor after foot injury , their responses assessment were unsatisfactory. It was found that (62.5%) of the studied patients had an acceptable and good foot care practices. Conclusions: It concluded from this study that most of the diabetic patients had an acceptable and good foot care practices, and didn't indicates a significant association between the patients' age, gender, residency, duration of disease and previous history of foot ulcer with overall assessment of preventive foot care practices, and there was only significant association with overall assessment of the studied preventive diabetic foot care practices with patients' educational level and monthly income.

Helicobacter pylori is a worldwide spread bacterium, that invades the submucosal membrane of the stomach via feco-oral or feco-fecal transmission, causing several gastric and duodenal diseases. The study aims to assess risk factors for the symptomatic Helicobacter pylori infection and their epidemiological distribution. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2020 to May 2021 in Baquba, Iraq. It was conducted on a sample of outpatient patients who complain of various symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders, where the sample size was 194 patients, their ages ranged from 15 to 70 years, the main characteristics taken up in the study included age, sex, and place of residence, smoking status. H. pylori infection was recognized by identifying anti-H. Pylori (IgG) in patient serum using the ELISA technique. Chi-squared and Binomial tests were adopted to assess the difference between study variables. The study shows that the highest rate of infection was among patients aged 15-30 years (45.7%), most patients were females (66.3%), and the majority of them (68.5%) were rural dwellers. In conclusion, younger ages, female gender, rural dwellers, non-smokers, and those who complained of stomach pain were significantly associated with the helicobacter pylori infection.

Background: Diabetic foot problems are one of the most important complications of diabetes mellituswhich causing a worldwide high cost morbidity which could be due to poor self-practices.Objectives: To assess the preventive food care practices among diabetic patients and to find out anysignificant association of these practices with selected socio-demographical and diabetic relatedcharacteristics.Patients and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Baquba city from theperiod of 20th Septembers, 2016 up to 20th March, 2017, by selecting a sample of (120) patients byusing a structured questionnaire, the questionnaire composed of three parts, the first part containsinformation related to patients’ demographic characteristics, the second part contains someinformation related to diabetic characteristics and the third part of the questionnaire consists ofdifferent questions about preventive foot care practices which consist of 14 positive items. Each oneof these items must be answered either with (Always, Never or Sometimes). A three levels Likertscale was used to measure the variables. Finally, the data analyzed using SPSS (Ver.18) and the Chisquarewas used to find out any association between studied data and preventive foot care practices. P≤ 0.05 was considered significant in the present study.Results: Out of 120 diabetic patients, (40%) of them were over 60 years, (52.5%) were male patients,about one third (32.5%) were illiterate, most of them (40.8%) had moderate monthly income, majorityof them (66.7%) were living in urban areas. Also the current study showed that the patient responsesto preventive foot care practices were satisfactory at all studied items, except at the these items“drying my feet after washing, regular use of lotion or oil to moisturizing foot, taking care whenclipping my toenail and visiting doctor after foot injury , their responses assessment wereunsatisfactory. It was found that (62.5%) of the studied patients had an acceptable and good foot carepractices.Conclusions: It concluded from this study that most of the diabetic patients had an acceptable andgood foot care practices, and didn’t indicate a significant association between the patients’ age,gender, residency, duration of disease and previous history of foot ulcer with an overall assessment ofpreventive foot care practices and there was only a significant association with overall assessment ofthe studied preventive diabetic foot care practices with patients’ educational level and monthlyincome.

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Abstract: Background: The alteration of bowel habits, bleeding per-rectum and anemia were common features in both groups in this study, but in young patients there was a delay of 6 months between the presenting symptoms and the definitive diagnosis because the disease was not suspected and investigated in them. The most common site for the tumors in young patients was the rectum and in patients above the age of 40 years was the Sigmoid. The pathological finding showed that classification of the colorectal tumors in young patients appear moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma , this indicate a more malignant course of the disease in young patients. This study send a message to all clinicians that the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing in young patients and therefore we should be alert when dealing with young patients presenting with abdominal pain, bleeding per-rectum and alteration of bowel habit to diagnose the disease at an early stage to undertake curative surgery . Aim of the study: To study the clinical coarse of colorectal cancer in age between (less than 40 to above 40), and the most frequent site and distribution, and the types of surgical intervention. Patients and methods: In the period between January 2012 to March 2013, 35 patients with colorectal cancer were treated at Al-Yarmouk Hospital,10 patients were below the age of 40 years ,( 5 Males and 5 Females ) with age ranging from 22-40 years , 25 patients were above the age of 40 years (12 males and13 females). Results:100% of patients less than 40 years presenting as anemia and 50% bleeding per rectum, while 88% of patients above 40 years with weakness and lethargy.30% of patients less 40years age, and 36% of patients above 40 years consider as an emergency cases, and others as elective cases. Surgical treatment involving 50% of patients less than 40 are right, left hemicolectomy and anterior resection, and in age of above 40 56% by left hemicolectomy. More common stages in young patents are  C and B  but in old  A ,B , C. Recommendations: Researchers recommend periodic screening by a doctor to diagnose the tumor early with the need to develop educational programs on early signs of colorectal cancer.

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Background:Hypertension is one of the most common disorders affecting on the heart,blood vessels , brain and kidney and it is considered is a very common disease and frequent with diabetes , Conversely, it is responsible for one of four premature deaths in developed countries. Objective: To evaluate the most important factors that cause hypertensive and to study their effects on patients. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at Baquba Teaching Hospital in the recovery unit for the period from 1/10/2017 until 1/3/2018 The study included 100 patients with hypertensive (44 male , 56 female) to compare them with 25 healthy persons (11 male , 14female) , was measuring blood pressure and has been done a questionnaire for each patient included (Age, BMI , Smoking , Number of hours sleep , Drinking beverages , Chronic diseases) and then by revulsion (2 cc) of blood to measured fasting blood glucose. Results: The results of the study indicates that there is a significant differences at p<0.05 levels of systolic blood pressure , fasting blood glucose , hours of sleep , soft drinks , chronic diseases , smoking. Conclusion: The increase in smoking , soft drinks affects on the level of blood pressure directly, and the decrease of sleep associated with high blood pressure , and most diabetics patients are more prone to hypertension.

Background: Self-medication is the use of drugs and painkillers by many people with therapeutic or preventive intent without prior professional advice or prescribed by a physician, including adults to treat their selfrecognized diseases and symptoms.Objectives: Determine the rate of self-medication practice among university students and determine the most common area to be selfmedicated and the most common drug group for self-medication.Subjects and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study of a random sample of students attending two branches of college of science (biology and chemistry) from the period of 10th December 2018 to 15 th April 2019 through purposive sampling technique to collect responses from students using structured questionnaire which was divided into many sections including demographic details of research participants, history of taking medication to treat a health problem without a prescription at the last month, the reasons of self-medication practice. Sample size was 220 university students. All data were entered on Microsoft Excel 2010, and managed and analyzed on SPSS version 19. The means and standard deviations were calculated and both t-test and chi-square tests were used to identify the associations between variables. The confidence level was set at 95%, and the p value of less than 0.05 was the limit value of significance. Result:The rate of practicing self-medication was significantly higher among studied university students and it accounted for (64.1%). And it was significantly higher in females (62.4%) than males (37.6%). Most of the self-medications (59.6%) were practiced for the pains originating from head and neck. The vast majority of students (80.9%) significantly were using analgesics and antipyretic, and most of them (71.6%) were practicing it at any time during the year. Conclusion:The study concluded that the rate of self-medication among university students was at the high level, the self-medication was practiced anytime during the year and the use of analgesics was significantly dominant among other drug groups.