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Infrared tympanic thermometry is reliable in monitoring body temperature in children who have had minor ear surgery.

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Kartagener's syndrome is a rare congenital disorder consisting of sinusitis, bronchiectasis with situs inversus and is associated with infertility. It is the subgroup of disorder called primary ciliary dyskinesia in which well defined morphological or functional abnormalities of cilia result in sinopulmonary involvement with varying severity. Clinical manifestations involve chronic and/or recurrent respiratory infections with much heterogeneity in multisystem involvement. Early diagnosis and management of this condition help to prevent irreversible lung damage and prevent chronic lifelong sequelae.

Aim: Palpable masses in the head and neck region can arise from various structures, such as lymph node, thyroid gland, major and minor salivary glands, soft tissues, blood vessels, and neural structures. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, quick, inexpensive first-line method to evaluate such swellings and thus confirm the diagnosis. This study correlates aspiration cytology as an indispensable tool in diagnosing various head and neck swellings and their prevalence with respect to age, sex, site of origin, and nature of those masses. Materials and methods:This study was done from January 2007 to December 2013 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Pathology. All the patients presenting with various head and neck swellings underwent FNAC, and the results were correlated with anatomical sites and frequency of occurrence and categorized into various clinicopathological groups.Results: This study included 1,272 cases who were evaluated by FNAC for head and neck swellings. In this study, 32 patients presented with frank abscesses, 36 cases with submandibular region swellings, seven cases with submental swellings, 70 cases with various swellings in the neck and postauricular area, 47 cases with various facial and scalp swellings, two cases from oral cavity, 74 cases with parotid masses, 680 cases with lymphadenopathy, and 324 cases with thyroid lesions. Conclusion:Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful, reliable, cost-effective, and valuable diagnostic tool for the initial evaluation and diagnostic categorization of all superficial and deep-seated lesions in the head and neck region as it is a fairly sensitive and specific procedure in addition to being simple, rapid, accurate, and without any significant complications and above all without affecting the underlying tissue morphology altogether.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has made an imperishable haunting mark worldwide, and has changed in many aspects the way medicine had been practiced till now. This study is intended to highlight the approach that was followed in the department of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) learning from the existing available guidelines to provide safe routine and emergency ENT care to all the patients irrespective of the COVID status. Objectives of the study were to highlight the changes, challenges, triage and safety recommendations associated with patient management during the ongoing pandemic.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study conducted between 25th March 2020 to 15th September 2020 constitutes of following points covering various aspects of patient management such as education about personal protective equipment, the 3-station triage system starting from the patient’s entry in the hospital, general working and precautions at the ENT outpatient department (OPD) registration counter, medical consultation with otorhinolaryngologist in OPD or in ER, general precautions in endoscopy room/voice lab, and operation theatre, patient transport, and postoperative care.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 8930 patients were seen from 25th March 2020 to 15th September 2020. 7885 patients were seen in ENT outpatient department, 561 in emergency room, and 484 patients were seen as referrals sent from other departments. 297 patients were advised admission for various surgical procedures whereas 22 patients were admitted for conservative management.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Through this study, we suggest a paradigm consisting of safety and triage recommendations to be followed while dealing with patients in a way to minimise the cross transmission of virus.</p>

IntroductIonWe are at this instance of evolving otological journey focusing special attention towards the middle ear reconstructive procedures. Otologists equitably ascribe that adequate eustachian tubal function is one of the necessary prerequisites for successful myringoplasty and tympanoplasty surgery. [1][2][3] Difficulty stems from disorders of the eustachian tube influencing the pathogenesis and course of middle ear disease and its medical and surgical treatment; hence, the ability to measure its ventilatory function by a method based on underlying morphological and physiological factors becomes of unsurmountable importance. When exploring for ways to improve the long range surgical success rate for tympanoplasties, it intrigued the otologists to search possible methods of predicting the results of reconstructive middle ear surgeries. Holmquist et al, in cases with chronic otitis media, were the first to study the relationship between Eustachian tubal function, size of mastoid air cell system, and healing. [4]The aim of this study is to find the relevance of pre-operative assessment of Eustachian tube function on the results of myringoplasty and to correlate the outcome of surgery with the tubal function gradings. materIals and methodsThe present study included 58 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), inactive stage (tubotympanic type) planned to undergo myringoplasty. All patients selected were those who came to ENT department during the period from August 2004 to November 2005. A detailed history was taken and a thorough ear, nose and throat examination was done.Control group A consisted of 27 cases of dry central perforation, where pre-operative Eustachian tube function aBstract Aim: Pathophysiology of Eustachian tube significantly affects the result of middle ear reconstructive surgery. The aim of this study is to ascertain the relevance of preoperative assessment of tubal function on the results of myringoplasty and to correlate the outcome of surgery with the tubal function gradings. Materials and Methods: A total of 58 cases of dry central perforation of tympanic membrane were divided into two groups. In control group A, pre-operative Eustachian tube function was not checked. In Test group B, pre-operative Eustachian tube function was checked by modified inflation-deflation test using impedance audiometer. Results: Success was assessed at 4 th month postoperatively on the basis of intact drum. The results between both groups were compared using Chi-square test. There was no statistically significant difference (P< 0.05) between the control and the test group. Conclusion: The capability to reduce an applied negative pressure correlates well with the successful result of a tympanic membrane graft. However, failure to equilibrate negative pressure does not discriminate between success and failure of this operative procedure.