The aim of this work was to study the probiotic-related characteristics of four strains of bacteria isolated from the normal flora of the guppy, Poecilia reticulata. In vitro results showed that the strains, namely, MBTU_PB1, MBTU_PB2, MBTU_PB3 and MBTU_PB4 had higher adhesion abilities than the tested indicator strains. However, an association between the cell-surface hydrophobicity and the ability to adhere to the intestinal mucus was not observed for these strains. Further, the selected strains were strongly autoaggregating (autoaggregation percentage ≥ 80) and also showed strain-specific coaggregation abilities with the tested indicator strains.

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Antagonistic activities against candidate indicator strains, adhesion to mucus and biofilm formation of potential probiotic strains isolated from Poecilia reticulata were evaluated. Four isolated strains (MBTU_PB1, MBTU_PB2, MBTU_PB3 and MBTU_PB4) showed moderate to strong antagonistic activities against the tested five indicator strains (Aeromonas hydrophila1739, Vibrio cholera 3906, Flavobacterium 2495, Acinetobacter 1271 and Alcaligenes 1424) and these isolates were further identified using biochemical tests and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Except the whole cell product, the other three cellular components, namely, heat-killed whole cell product, intracellular product and extracellular product of all the four selected isolates were equally effective, as revealed by the zone of inhibitions to the tested indicator strains. The in vitro adhesion property or the ability of colonization is often considered as a selection criteria for probiotics. All the selected four strains had higher adhesion abilities than the indicator strains. Further, these four strains had the ability to form biofilms on polystyrene surfaces. The in vitro characterization of these four strains suggests possibility of using the isolates, as individual strain or in combination, for probiotic therapy in aquaculture.

Öz Purpose: Dengue fever is a worldwide concern due to its considerable mortality and morbidity. The calcium ion plays a critical role in cellular functions and signalling. We evaluated the correlation between severity of dengue and the serum free calcium. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore. The patients with dengue fever were diagnosed using NS1 antigen and/or IgM antibody tests and were classified according to WHO criteria. The association between severity of dengue and serum free calcium was studied. Results: Sample size was 145. The mean age was 36.7years and 91(62.7%) were males. 57(39.3%) , 82(56.6%) and 6(4.1%) patients were classified as Dengue Fever(DF), Dengue Fever with Warning Signs(DF+WS) and Severe Dengue(SD) respectively. The mean Serum free calcium in the study was 3.82±0.52 mg/dl. The mean serum calcium(mg/dl) in each class were as follows-Severe Dengue(3.07±0.19) , Dengue Fever with Warning signs(3.70±0.52) and Dengue Fever(4.07±0.40). The presence of hypocalcemia significantly correlated with the severity of dengue. Conclusion: We conclude that the serum free calcium levels significantly correlated with the severity of dengue fever. Serum free calcium can be used as a predictor of severity in dengue fever. Amaç: Dang humması, önemli ölçüde mortalite ve morbiditeye neden olduğundan dünya çapında endişe kaynağıdır. Kalsiyum iyonu hücresel fonksiyonlarda ve sinyalizasyonda kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Dang şiddeti ile serum serbest kalsiyum arasındaki korelasyon değerlendirildi. Materyal ve Metod: Bangalore'daki , üçüncü basamak sağlık kuruluşunda kesitsel bir çalışma yapıldı. Dang humması hastalarına, NS1 antijen ve/veya IgM antikor testleri kullanılarak teşhis konuldu ve WHO kriterlerine göre sınıflandırıldı. Dang şiddeti ile serum serbest kalsiyum arasındaki ilişki araştırıldı. Bulgular: Örneklem büyüklüğü 145'dir. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalaması 36.7 yıl ve 91'i (%62.7) erkektir. Hastalar, Dang humması (DF), Uyarı belirtili Dang humması (DF + WS) ve Şiddetli Dang (SD) olmak üzere sırasıyla 57 (%39.3), 82 (%56.6) ve 6 (%4.1) olarak sınıflandırıldı. Çalışmada serum serbest kalsiyum ortalaması 3.82±0.52 mg / dl idi. Her grubun ortalama serum kalsiyum (mg/dl) değerleri Şiddetli Dang humması için (3.07±0.19), Uyarı işaretli Dang humması için (3.70±0.52) ve Dang humması için (4.07±0.40) şeklindedir. Hipokalsemi varlığı, dang şiddeti ile anlamlı korelasyon göstermiştir. Tartışma: Çalışma sonucunda serum serbest kalsiyum düzeylerinin dang humması şiddeti ile anlamlı korelasyona sahip olduğu sonucuna vardık. Serum serbest kalsiyum, dang humması şiddetinin bir belirleyicisi olarak kullanılabilir.