Background-Development of feeding indicators to assess the appropriateness of complementary feeding practices of mothers has been a major area of research in prevention of child morbidity and mortality. The most important determinant of appropriateness of complementary feeding are nature and composition of food gradients which should adequately provide recommended nutrients. Assessment of adequacy of different nutrients in complementary food of greatly varying nature and composition is very difficult and complex in day-to-day routine practices. WHO has developed MMF, MDD and MAD as feeding indicators which asses only nutritional adequacy of complementary feed but do not asses their hygienic quality while food borne enteric diseases pose a global challenge to optimum growth of children below 2 years of age. The present study designed and constructed a new feeding indicator MAHD (Minimum Acceptable Hygienic Diet) addressing hygienic quality of the complementary feed to quantitate the appropriateness of complementary feeding more accurately. Methodology-A cross-sectional study was made on quantitative and qualitative data collected from 300 mother child pairs using semi-structured questionnaire pre-designed in light of WHO IYCF indicators as well as our newly structured indicators along with clinical and anthropometric examination of babies for assessing their nutritional and health status. The data were used for evaluating association of feeding indicators with nutritional status of the babies. Result-The WHO IYCF feeding indicators better explained and associated with the growth indicators like WAZ, HAZ, WHZ in this study contrary to unequivocal and mixed result in previous studies. It was so because attempt was made to ascertain daily routine practice on MMF, MDD and MAD in place of 24 hours memory recall of child feeding as done in previous studies. Newly designed and constructed feeding indicator MAHD (Minimum Acceptable Hygienic Diet) was proven to be more appropriate feeding indicator to evaluate appropriateness of complementary feed. It was so because association of MAHD feeding indicator with growth indicators were found to be very close to normal median range of WHO Z-growth scores. Although MAHD was found to be practiced only by 37% of mothers, this feeding indicator was found to be associated more with optimum growth indicators. Conclusion-It was opined that along with fulfilling dietary diversity and minimum meal frequency, maintenance of food and feeding hygiene is very essential in prevention of under nutrition and thereby morbidity and mortality in children below 2 years of age. In this respect, storing of food at room temperature for not more than 2 hours was found to be important barrier in hygienic complementary feeding practices. It was so, because washing of hands and utensils were being practiced by majority of the mothers. It warrants to raise awareness among mothers about safe and hygienic storing of food. MAHD can also be useful in on-spot diagnosis of malnutrition on the basis of dietary history of complementary feeding.
Background: Cutaneous fungal infections are most commonly presenting among fungal infections and are usually referred as Tinea. Dermatophytes spreads easily by skin to skin contact or by touching infected animal or object, frequently encountered disease in dermatology OPD's, Study on predisposing and epidemiological factors helps to eliminate the spread of infection and reinfection, So we selected this study to do. Methods: A total of 115 suspected dermatophytosis patients were selected, localized lesions were examined properly, also inspected for other skin lesions and examination of systems done. All patients were explained about dermatophytosis consequences, advised to undergo fungal culture. All the data were entered into spread excel sheet and evaluated the epidemiological, predisposing factors of dermatophytosis. Results: Tinea corporis is the most common clinical presentation was 41.7% followed by 30.1% of Tinea cruris, 24.3% of Tinea capitis, 20% of Tinea pedis, 13.9% of Tinea unguim, 12.1% of Tinea barbae and 11.3% of Id reactions. Out of 115 suspected dermatophytosis, fungal culture positivity shown in 38 (33%) patients. Out of 38 culture positive patients, 16 (42.1%) were T.rubrum, 9 (23.6%) were T.mentagrophytes, 5 (13.1%) were T.tonsurans, 8 (21%) were Microsporum species. Conclusion: Study on predisposing factors and epidemiological factors helps us to find out the diagnosis easily and also to eliminate the spread of dermatophytosis and reinfection. Prognosis is excellent with good compliance from patient side and subsequent precautions such as proper hygienic practices, maintaining moist skin to avoid repeat infection.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.