Background: Post ureteral stenting, symptoms occurs of lower urinary tract which impact quality of life in around 80% of patients, urgency, frequency, dysuria, suprapubic pain, hematuria. α1-Adrenoceptors are found in highest density in the distal ureter. α1-Adrenoceptor antagonists dilates the lumen of the ureter and reduces the spasms by decreasing the peristaltic frequency and inhibiting basal tone of the ureter, leading to improvement in stent-related symptoms. This study was conducted to study effect of tamsulosin, a selective α1A- and α1D-adrenoceptor antagonist in relieving ureteric stent related symptomsMethods: A randomized double blinded placebo-controlled study conducted from February 2019 to August 2020 in Department of Surgery SGRD University, Amritsar. We enrolled 60 patients with each group of 30 patients (Group A placebo and Group B Tamsilosin 0.4 mg). IPSS (irritative and obstructive), quality of life (QoL) and visual analog scale VAS) pain score were calculated based on post-operative day one versus at Stent removal day (Post-operative day 21) at 3 weeks observations. analysis was done using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Student ‘t’test (unpaired) and Chi-square test.Results: IPSS, QoL and VAS showed improvement with significant relieve of symptoms in patients on tamsulosin compared to placebo at time of stent removal.Conclusions: The study concluded that administration of tamsulosin a selective α1-blocker is useful in decreasing lower urinary tract symptoms in patients undergoing ureteral stenting.
Background: There is increased incidence of gall stones and its variable presentations in India is a great need for a study which can provide information regarding risk factors associated with the formation of gallstones, prevalence of disease, clinical presentations and outcome of cholelithiasis. So present study done to find a relationship between body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) with cholelithiasis.Methods: The observational study was conducted in tertiary care center of SGRD Amritsar comprised of 100 patients diagnosed with pain abdomen by cholelithiasis and control comprised of 100 patients with any other cause of pain abdomen. All patients were evaluated for BMI and waist to hip ratio. BMI was calculated according to the standard formula (Quetelet’s index). The WHR was measured according to WHO protocol. Statistical tests were applied as quantitative variables were compared using unpaired t-test/Mann-Whitney test (when the data sets were not normally distributed) between the two groups. Qualitative variables were compared using chi-Square test /Fisher’s exact test.Results: A significant association of formation of gall bladder stones in female gender in comparison to their male counterpart and increased chances of formation of gall bladder stones in the patients having higher BMI and higher WHR.Conclusion: Female gender and obesity is associated with increased risk of cholelithiasis.
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