Abstract. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from ERS-1 have been used to study the characteristics of internal waves northeast and south of Taiwan in the East China Sea, and east of Hainan Island in the South China Sea. Rank-ordered packets of internal solitons propagating shoreward from the edge of the continental shelf were observed in the SAR images. On the basis of the assumption of a semidiurnal tidal origin, the wave speed can be estimated and is consistent with the internal wave theory. By using the SAR images and hydrographic data, internal waves of elevation have been identified in shallow water by a thicker mixed layer as compared with the bottom layer on the continental shelf. The generation mechanism includes the influences of the tide and the Kuroshio intrusion
[1] Surface signatures associated with non-linear internal waves are often seen in satellite images of the western South China Sea (SCS) slope and shelf. Observation in the deep sea, to the east, are rare. Here we report on the evolution of an energetic packet as it propagated through the deep central basin of the SCS, toward the western slope and shelf. The waves have amplitudes estimated at 170 m, half widths of 3 km, and phase speeds of 2.9 ± 0.1 m/s, faster than the mode-1 linear phase speed of 2.6 m/s. The shape and observed phase speed were consistent with the KortewegdeVries (KdV) model over the 65-km path that they were tracked. The intrinsic velocity shear of the waves is small compared to pre-existing shears, and the waves exhibit weak turbulence. The KdV fit and a satellite-derived estimate of horizontal wave extent imply a westward energy flux of 4.5 GW for each crest. Citation: Klymak,
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ANNUAL REVIEWS1. The driving force leading to relative motion within the ice field. 2. The nature of individual interaction events. 3. The rate at which interaction events occur. 4. The consequences of individual floe pair interactions on the ice field.OBSERVATIONS Accelerometer and tiltmeter packages have been exten sively used to measure some or all of the six possible rigid-body motions that an ice floe may experience, but these instruments (especially horizontal accelerometers) also reveal the change in motion of a floe that results from an interaction with a neighbor.The most comprehensive investigations of floe pair interactions to date Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 1995.27:115-168. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by Stanford University -Main Campus -Lane Medical Library on 10/14/12. For personal use only. SQUIRE ET AL I ,\ , pjRj 2 ax = "2 L.. -1 -. + o(RJ, J J
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