Objectives: To describe the prevalence and distribution of anxiety and depression among Mexican population, and to examine its association with internet addiction during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Design:A web-based cross-sectional study.
Setting: General population in México.Participants: 561 subjects were recruited (71% female, mean age 30.7 ± 10.6 years).
Interventions: An online survey to assess personal attitudes and perceptions towards
COVID-19, sleep-disorders related, the Mexican version of the Hospital Anxiety andDepression Scale (HADS) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was applied.Primary and secondary outcome measures: Prevalence of anxiety, depression, internet addiction and sleep disorders and associated factors. Also, prevalence for anxiety and depression were compared to an historic control group.
Results:During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic the prevalence for anxiety and depression was 50% (95% CI, 45.6% to 54.1%) and 27.6%, (95% CI 23.8% to 31.4%), respectively. We found a 51% (33% to 50%) increase in anxiety and up to 86% increase in depression during the initial weeks of the lock-down compared to the control group.According to the IAT questionnaire, 62.7% (95% CI 58.6% to 68.8%) of our population had some degree of internet addiction. Odds ratio for development of anxiety symptoms was 2.02 (95% CI1.56-2.1, p=0.0001) and for depression was 2.15 (95% CI 1.59-2.9, p=0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, younger age (p=0.006), sleep problems (p=0.000), and internet addiction ( p=0.000) were associated with anxiety and depression.
S ince it first appeared, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a highly contagious disease. The virus spread rapidly across the planet, and by early May 2020, it had infected more than 4 million people in 187 countries. Although respiratory symptoms predominate, early reports from Asia indicated that gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms may also be part of the spectrum of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. 1-3 In a recent meta-analysis of 47 studies that included 10,890 patients, prevalence estimates of GI symptoms were 7.7% for diarrhea, 7.8% for nausea/vomiting, and 2.7% for abdominal pain. 4 Most of the studies in that meta-analysis were from Asia
Introduction/Aim: Recent studies have shown that seroprevalence is quite variable depending on the country, the population and the time of the pandemic in which the serological tests are performed. Here, we investigated the prevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a population living in Veracruz City, Mexico.
Methods: From of June 1 to July 31, 2020, the consecutive adult patients that attended 2 ambulatory diagnostic private practice centers for testing were included. Samples were run on the Abbott Architect instrument using the commercial Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay. The main outcome was seroprevalence. Demographics, previous infection to SARS-CoV-2 (according to a previous positive polymerase-chain reaction nasopharyngeal swab), self-suspicious of virus of infection (according to have in the previous 4 weeks either fever, headache, respiratory symptoms but not a confirmatory PCR) or no having symptoms were also evaluated.
Results: A total of 2174 subjects were tested, included 53.6% women (mean age 41.8, range 18-98 years). One thousand and forty-one (52.5%) subjects were asymptomatic, 722 (33.2%) had suspicious of infection and 311 (14.3%) had previous infection. Overall, 642 of 2174 (29.5% [95% CI 27.59%-31.47%]) of our population were seropositive. Seropositivity among groups was 21.3% in asymptomatic, 23.4% in self-suspicious patients and 73.9% in previous infection patients.
Conclusions: We found one of the highest seroprevalences reported for SARS-CoV-2 worldwide in asymptomatic subjects (21.3%) as well in subjects with self-suspicious of COVID-19 (23.4%). The number of infected subjects in our population is not encouraging and it should be interpreted with caution.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.