Background: The study of moral behavior has expanded to the area of neuroscience, with an increasing interest in understanding the neuronal network and anatomical brain structures involved in this complex human behavior. We studied decision-making during moral judgments using a philosophical moral dilemma, namely the trolley and footbridge dilemmas. Recent studies have shown that the trolley dilemma activates rational brain areas whereas the footbridge dilemma activates emotional brain areas. Our aim was to compare activation of the emotional network during personal moral conflict (footbridge dilemma) with impersonal moral conflict (trolley dilemma) through Standardized Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (sLORETA). We detected a high beta 3 oscillation source located bilaterally in the insular cortex as well as in the anterior and posterior cingulate gyri. Furthermore, we detected hypoactivation in alpha 1 oscillation source located in the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices. Our results confirmed the relationship between personal moral decisionmaking and the emotional network. We propose that brain electrical tomography analyses can make an important contribution towards the neuroscience of decision-making
Analisa a relação entre receita de campanha e resultados eleitorais nas eleições municipais de 2012. Em termos substantivos, testou-se a hipótese de que desafiantes são mais eficientes do que incumbents (Efeito Jacobson). Metodologicamente, foi combinada a estatística descritiva e multivariada, além de um modelo regressão Poisson para analisar os dados disponibilizados pelo Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) referentes às disputas eleitorais ao cargo de prefeito em todas as capitais brasileiras. Os resultados sugerem que: (1) em média, o incremento de 1% na receita eleva em 0,646% o número de votos e (2) diferente do esperado, incumbents (β = 0,645; t = 3,785 e p-valor <0,001) são mais eficientes do que os candidatos desafiantes (β = 0,607; t = 17,480 e p-valor <0,000).
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