The results indicate that both surgical approaches are effective in addressing root coverage. However, when an increase in gingival dimensions (keratinized tissue width, gingival/mucosal thickness) is a desired outcome, then the combined technique (CPF + SCTG) should be used.

Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that CPF provides benefits for both smokers and non-smokers in terms of root coverage of shallow Miller Class I recession defects. However, cigarette smoking negatively impacts the clinical outcomes, specifically residual recession, percent root coverage, and frequency of complete root coverage.

Our results showed that EMD, IGF-I, and the combination of both factors stimulated PDL fibroblast proliferation, whereas these factors did not affect adhesion, migration, or expression of type I collagen of these cells.

The long-term stability of CPF outcomes is less than desirable, particularly in smokers. Two years after a CPF procedure, smokers have significantly greater residual recession compared to non-smokers both statistically and clinically.

Both GTR and CPF procedures result in root coverage. The amount of root coverage obtained with CPF was greater than that observed with GTR, although GTR resulted in significantly greater ACL gain.

These findings suggest that subgingivally delivered doxycycline hyclate produces additional favorable clinical results to periodontal therapy in type 1 DM patients.

Clinical and radiographic findings from this study demonstrated more bone fill in sites treated with GTR.

Smo king in flu en ces on the thick ness of mar gi nal gin gi val epit he li um Influências do fumo sobre a espessura do epitélio oral da gengiva mar ginalCristina Cunha Villar* An to nio Fernando Martorelli de Lima** AB STRACT : Smoking pa tients show re duc tion of in flam ma tory clin i cal signs that might be as so ci ated with lo cal vasoconstriction and an in creased gingival ep i the lial thick ness. The pur pose of this work was to eval u ate the thick ness of the mar ginal gingival oral ep i the lium in smok ers and non-smok ers, with clin i cally healthy gingivae or with gin gi vitis. Twenty bi op sies were ob tained from four dif fer ent groups. Group I: non-smok ers with clin i cally healthy gingivae (n = 5). Group II: non-smok ers with gin gi vi tis (n = 5). Group III: smok ers with clin i cally healthy gingivae (n = 5). Group IV: smok ers with gin gi vi tis (n = 5). These bi op sies were histologically pro cessed, se ri ally sec tioned at 5 µm, stained with H. E., and ex am ined by im age anal y sis soft ware (KS400), which was used to per form the morphometric eval u a tion and the quan ti fi ca tion of the ma jor ep i the lial thick ness, the ep i the lial base thick ness and the ex ter nal and in ter nal ep i the lial per im e ters. Dif fer ences be tween the four groups were an a lyzed us i ng ANOVA test and Tukey's test. The cri te ria for sta tis ti cal sig nif i cance were ac cepted at the prob a bil ity level p < 0.05. A greater ep i the lial thick ness was ob served in smok ers in de pend ent of the gingival health sit u a tion. DESCRIPTORS:Gingiva; Ep i the lium; To bacco. RESUMO:Pa ci en tes fu man tes fre qüen te men te apre sen tam re du ção dos si na is clí ni cos in fla ma tó ri os da gen gi vi te, as soci a da, em gran de par te, a va so cons tri ção lo cal e au men to da es pes su ra epi te li al. O ob je ti vo des te tra ba lho foi ava li ar a es pes su ra do epi té lio oral da gen gi va mar gi nal de pa ci en tes fu man tes e não fu man tes, nos es ta dos de sa ú de gen gi val e gen gi vi te. Fo ram ob ti dos vin te frag men tos de te ci do gen gi val de qua tro gru pos de pa ci en tes. Gru po I: não fu man tes com sa ú de gen gi val (n = 5). Gru po II: não fu man tes com gen gi vi te (n = 5). Gru po III: fu man tes com sa ú de gen gi val (n = 5). Gru po IV: fu man tes com gen gi vi te (n = 5). As bióp si as re ce be ram pro ces sa men to his to ló gi co de ro ti na, e os cortes semi-se ri a dos com 5 µm de es pes su ra fo ram co ra dos com H. E. Com au xí lio do sis te ma de ima gens KS400 fo ram quan ti fi ca das a es pes su ra epi te li al ma i or e a es pes su ra da base epi te li al e de ter mi na dos os va lo res dos pe rí me tros epite li a is ex ter no e in ter no. Os da dos fo ram ava li a dos pelo ANOVA e pelo tes te de Tu key, con si de ran do sig ni fi ca ti vo o valor de α = 0,05. Os re sul ta dos mos tra ram va lo res da es pes su ra da base epi te li al ma i or (p < 0,05) nos pa ci en tes fu mantes, in de pen den te men te do es ta do de sa ú de gen gi val. DESCRIT...