R E S U M OObjetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o cultivo de cultivares de alface em sistema hidropônico tipo floating com soluções nutritivas otimizadas pela ferramenta SOLVER, do Microsoft Office Excel. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba adotando-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado disposto em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com três repetições. Os fatores foram 4 soluções nutritivas (S1 = 100% de solução mineral; S2 = 90% de solução mineral + 10% de solução orgânica; S3 = 84% de solução mineral + 16% de solução orgânica e S4 = 78% de solução mineral + 22% de solução orgânica) e 3 cultivares de alface (C1 -Crespa; C2 -Manteiga e C3 -Rubi). Avaliaram-se a altura da planta, o diâmetro caulinar, o número de folhas, o comprimento da raiz, a massa da matéria fresca e a massa da matéria seca da alface. As soluções organominerais promoveram uma resistência maior à variação do pH e substituíram parcialmente a solução mineral. As melhores médias biométricas e de produção ocorreram para as cultivares Crespa e Manteiga e para as soluções mineral, mineral + 10% de solução orgânica e mineral + 22% de solução orgânica. Hydroponic cultivation of lettuce varieties under optimized organominerals nutrient solution with the SOLVER A B S T R A C TThe study aimed to evaluate the cultivation of lettuce varieties in floating type hydroponic system with nutrient solutions optimized by the SOLVER tool of the Microsoft Office Excel. The experiment was conducted at the Center of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences Center of the Paraíba State University, adopting an entirely randomized experimental design arranged in factorial scheme 4 x 3, with three repetitions. The factors were 4 nutritient solutions (S1 = 100% mineral solution; S2 = 90% mineral solution + 10% organic solution; S3 = 84% mineral solution + 16% organic solution and S4 = 78% mineral solution + 22% organic solution) and 3 lettuce varieties (C1 -Crespa; C2 -Monteiga and C3 -Ruby). The plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, the length of the root, fresh matter weight and the dry matter weight of the lettuce were evaluated. The organominerals solutions promoted a greater resistance to variation of the pH and replaced partially the mineral solution. The best biometric and production means were observed for the Crespa and Monteiga varieties and for the mineral solution, mineral solution + 10% of organic solution and mineral solution + 22% of organic solution. Palavras-chave:Lactuca sativa L. fertilizante otimização

<p>O reúso de efluentes tratados não é uma prática nova, no entanto, há um interesse crescente em relação à necessidade de sua reutilização. Objetivou-se avaliar a caraterização das águas residuárias domestica e do reator UASB e água salobra de poço para o cultivo hidropônico de alface crespa. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido com sistema hidropônico. Delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com esquema fatorial 7 x 3, três repetições sendo, 7 soluções hidropônicase três cultivares de alface. A parcela experimental, S₁=solução de Furlani; S₂=água residuária domestica; S₃=água residuária domestica otimizada; S₄=água de poço; S₅=água de poço otimizada; S₆=água residuária (UASB) e S₇=água residuária (UASB) otimizada, subparcela três cultivares de alface. O pH das águas residuárias foram de 7,7 e 7,4 (Poço); 7,4 e 8,0 (Esgoto bruto) e, 7,2 e 8,2 (Extrabes). A (CE) foram 0,957 e 1,002 (Poço); 2,133 e 2,368 (Esgoto bruto) e (Extrabes) 2,502 e 2,4 09 dS m^-1. O uso de soluções minerais nutritivas utilizando água residuária é viável quando utilizado em sistemas hidropônicos, sendo indicado para principalmente para região do semiárido brasileiro e quando se faz uso de água de irrigação de qualidade inferior na produção de hortaliças.</p><p class="Default" align="center"><strong><em>Quality of wastewater and brackish water used in the hydroponic cultivation of three varieties of curly lettuce</em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The reuse of treated wastewater is not a new practice, however, there is a growing interest in the need for re-use. The objective was to evaluate the Characterisation of domestic wastewater and UASB and brackish well for hydroponic lettuce. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment with hydroponically. Experimental design was a randomized block with factorial 7 x 3, three replications and 7 hydroponic solutions and three lettuce cultivars. The experimental portion, S1 = Furlani solution; S2 = domestic wastewater; S3 = domestica optimized wastewater; S4 = well water; S5 = optimized well water; S6 = wastewater (UASB) and S7 = wastewater (UASB) optimized subplot three lettuce cultivars. The pH of wastewater were 7.7 and 7.4 (well); 7.4 and 8.0 (raw sewage) and 7.2 and 8.2 (Extrabes). The (EC) were 0.957 and 1.002 (Wells); 2,133 and 2,368 (raw sewage) and (Extrabes) 2,502 09 and 2.4 dS m^-1. The use of nutritional mineral solutions using wastewater is feasible when used in hydroponic systems, is indicated for mainly for the Brazilian semi-arid region and when it makes use of water of poor quality irrigation in vegetable production.</p>

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A B S T R A C TThe objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of crisp lettuce in hydroponic cultivation, following the nutrient film technique (NFT), using optimized mineral and organomineral nutrient solutions. The experiment was set in 8 x 3 factorial scheme, with treatments distributed in randomized blocks and split plots, with three replicates. The plots corresponded to eight nutrient solutions, of which four were mineral solutions with chemical composition suggested by Bernardes, Furlani, Castellane & Araújo and Ueda, and four were organomineral solutions, suggested by this research with chemical composition similar to those of the previously mentioned mineral solutions. The subplots corresponded to three varieties of crisp lettuce: Thaís, Vanda and Verônica. At 25 days after transplanting, the following parameters were evaluated: stem and crown diameter, root length, leaf area and number of leaves. For stem and crown diameters and number of leaves, the mineral solutions promoted the highest means. The mineral solution of Furlani and the organomineral solutions, except the modified solution of Castellane & Araújo, promoted the greatest root lengths. The smallest leaf area was obtained in the organomineral solution of Ueda. The cultivar Verônica had the highest root length and stem diameter.Crescimento da alface hidropônica cultivada com soluções nutritivas minerais e organominerais otimizadas R E S U M O Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o crescimento da alface crespa em cultivo hidropônico, seguindo a técnica do fluxo laminar de nutrientes (NFT), utilizando soluções nutritivas minerais e organominerais otimizadas. Instalou-se um experimento em blocos casualizados com o uso de parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. As parcelas corresponderam a oito soluções nutritivas, sendo quatro minerais com composição química sugeridas por Bernardes, Furlani, Castellane & Araújo e Ueda e quatro organominerais, sugeridas nesta pesquisa com composição química semelhante às soluções minerais, anteriormente citadas. As subparcelas corresponderam a três cultivares da alface crespa (Thaís, Vanda e Verônica). Aos 25 dias após o transplantio das mudas avaliaram-se as variáveis diâmetro do caule e da coroa, comprimento da raiz, área foliar e número de folhas. Para os diâmetros da coroa e do caule e número de folhas, as soluções minerais promoveram as maiores médias. A solução mineral de Furlani e as soluções organominerais, exceto a de Castellane & Araújo modificada, promoveram os maiores comprimentos de raízes; a menor área foliar foi obtida pela solução organomineral de Ueda. A cultivar Verônica apresentou os maiores comprimento de raiz e diâmetro caulinar.

The study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of three varieties of lettuce subjected to different treatments of wastewater. The experimental design was a randomized block in a 7 x 3 split-plot with three replicates. The factors were 7 hydroponic and 3 cultivars of crisp lettuce. The solutions were formulated and optimized by considering Furlani solution as reference nutrient. The experimental portion consisted of the nutritive solutions (S). S1 = Furlani solution; S2 = domestic wastewater; S3 = optimized domestic wastewater; S4 = well water; = S5 optimized well water; S6 = wastewater from the UASB reactor and S7 = wastewater optimized from the UASB reactor, the subplot was constituted of three lettuce cultivars (Verônica, Vanda and Thais). The results showed that solutions with domestic wastewater (S2), optimized domestic wastewater (S3), optimized well water (S5) and the solution wastewater from the UASB reactor (S6) promoted the highest number of leaves per plant for the three cultivars. Solutions with enhanced domestic wastewater (S3), optimum water well (S5) and the solution formulated from the wastewater from the UASB reactor (S6) promoted the highest stem diameter in three cultivars. The highest value of total production was obtained from Vanda cultivar, when the wastewater from the UASB reactor (S6) was used as nutritive solution.

The monitoring, calibration and maintenance of nutrient solutions are fundamental for the development of hydroponic lettuce. This study aimed to monitor temperature, electrical conductivity, hydrogen potential and consumption of nutrient solution, besides evaluating the effectiveness of the Microsoft Office Excel SOLVER tool in the calibration of different mineral and organomineral nutrient solutions in the NFT hydroponic cultivation of curly lettuce. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with three replicates and the treatments consisted of four mineral solutions proposed by Furlani, Bernardes, Ueda and Castellane and Araújo, besides four organomineral nutrient solutions, proposed in this research, with chemical composition similar to the previously cited ones. For 24 days, the nutrient solutions were monitored and the variations of temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and nutrient solution consumption by the crop were measured. Calibrations were made using the Microsoft Excel SOLVER tool, using as reference an EC of 1.5 dS m -1 and nutrient solution volume of 17 L. During the experiment, regardless of the nutrient solution (modified and mineral), temperature showed maximum and minimum values of 28.7 and 21.5 ºC, respectively, and pH variation was lower in the modified nutrient solutions. Water consumption was higher with the use of mineral solutions, in comparison to the organomineral solutions with the same chemical composition. The SOLVER tool was efficient and easily used in the calibration and maintenance of electrical conductivity and volume of the nutrient solutions.

Resumo -O Gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.), espécie pertencente à família Pedaliaceae, é uma das oleaginosas, mais antigas utilizadas pela humanidade com potencial para diversos fins industriais. Nesse sentido objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento e a produção do gergelim fertirrigado com solução nutritiva organomineral. Realizou-se um experimento de campo no Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Lagoa Seca, PB, sob fertirrigação por gotejamento, de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2014. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e seis tratamentos correspondendo a diferentes níveis da adubação recomendada (50-80-20) para a cultura do gergelim, são eles: (T1 = testemunha absoluta; T2 = 25%; T3 = 50%; T4 = 75%; T5 = 100% e T6 = 125%). As doses de biofertilizante influenciam a 'AP', o 'DC' e o 'NFP' de gergelim. O 'NRP', o 'PSP' e o 'P1000' não são influenciados pela fertirrigação com a solução organomineral. A 'AP', o 'DC' e o 'NFP' do gergelim respondem a fertirrigação com biofertilizante até 75% da dose da adubação recomendada. O melhor desempenho em 'AP', em 'DC' e em 'NFP' ocorre sob influência de 72,60, 67,83 e 67,79% da dose da adubação recomendada, respectivamente. Palavras-chave -produtividade, agrobioenergia, adubaçãoAbstract -Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), a member of the Pedaliaceae family, is one of the oldest oleaginous seeds used by mankind with potential for various industrial purposes. The purpose of this study is to assess the growth and production of sesame using an organo-mineral fertilizer. Given its relevance, a field research was conducted at the agronomic and environmental research center of Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Lagoa Seca, PB, in the northeast region of Brazil, using drip irrigation, from August 2013 to July 2014. The experiment was mounted on casualized blocks with four replications and six treatments corresponding to different dose levels of the recommended fertilizer (50-80-20) for the sesame crop (T1 = absolute control, T2 = 25%; T3 = 50%; T4 = 75%; T5 = 100% and T6 = 125%). The biofertilizer doses affected the 'AP', 'DC' and 'NFP' values of the sesame. The 'NRP', 'PSP' and 'P1000' values were not affected by fertigation with organic-solution. The 'AP', 'DC' and 'NFP' values of the sesame responded to organic fertirrigation at 75% of the recommended fertilizer dose. The best performance in 'AP', 'DC' and 'NFP' occured at 72.60%, 67.83% and 67.79% dose levels of recommended fertilization, respectively.

Hydroponic cultivation is characterized by high initial costs compared with conventional cultivation. This study discusses the economic viability of implementing a hydroponic system for lettuce production with different mineral and organomineral nutrient solutions through simulation. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split plots and three replicates. Plots consisted of eight nutrient solutions: four mineral solutions, with chemical compositions proposed by Bernardes, Castellane and Araújo, Furlani, and Ueda, and four solutions with chemical compositions similar to those previously cited, but modified in the present research with the utilization of biofertilizer in the composition, to produce four organomineral nutrient solutions. Subplots consisted of three varieties of curly lettuce: Verônica, Vanda and Thaís. After harvesting, lettuce plants were separately weighed according to the treatments and, from this information, the selling price was determined based on research conducted in major supermarkets in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. The calculation of expenses took into account the effective operating cost, total operating costs and the total production cost. According to the simulation, regardless of the cultivar used, lettuce hydroponic cultivation had higher annual profit, with values of US$ 18,880.00 and 18,730.00, using the mineral nutrient solutions of Furlani and Bernardes, respectively. Among the organomineral nutrient solutions, the Furlani solution when used in the production of the cultivar Verônica led to annual profit of US$ 11,440.00.