The Internet has been used in oral surgery teaching mainly to deliver learning material across the World Wide Web and to make use of online interactivity resources in everyday surgical practice, such as by e-mails, discussion groups, and chats. The aim of this paper is to describe and evaluate a Web-based practical course on oral surgery principles, which was applied to undergraduate students. This course was investigated as a distance learning simulation in which the student would be performing surgical activities at home, and the teacher and the school environment would be absent. A Web site was created containing the course material. For this study, the students participated in the Web-based course in a multimedia lab equipped with computers and Internet, internal sound system and TV circuits. In the event of significant mistakes by students, the TV circuit could be used to show the correct procedure for all the participants at the same time. Microcameras were used to monitor the student's actions during the Internet use. Students' impressions were determined by a questionnaire. Computer manipulation with ease and antiergonomic postures were observed. We concluded that distance learning courses with practical modules must be considered as a special type of educational modality, with reference to the relationship between the student and the computer.
ResumoEm estudo realizado anteriormente verificou-se a presença de um arranjo produtivo local (APL) da atividade de confecção no município de Maringá, no Estado do Paraná. O objetivo desse estudo consistiu em analisar as condições estruturais do setor de confecção neste município, buscando identificar e avaliar os elementos que compõem a estrutura de governança local, a qual conduz as decisões e atribuições dos agentes econômicos presentes nesse arranjo produtivo. Para tanto, utilizou-se como instrumental metodológico a pesquisa de campo junto a uma amostra de empresas e instituições do setor. Observou-se que as ações coordenadas são determinadas pelo SINDVEST (Sindicato do Vestuário de Maringá), que representa empresas filiadas e organiza reuniões com a participação de representantes das instituições de ensino superior (Universidade Estadual de Maringá e CESUMAR) e de capacitação empresarial e técnico (SEBRAE e SENAI, respectivamente). As propostas de ações conjuntas quase sempre são estimuladas a partir de editais específicos à APLs, juntamente à Secretaria de Estado do Planejamento e Coordenação Geral do Paraná (SEPL) e ao Sistema FIEP. Conclui-se, portanto, que apesar das ações em prol do setor, se faz necessária uma maior participação das micro e pequenas empresas no processo de tomada de decisões do arranjo, haja vista que os empresários
This study compared the transmission of tensions in fresh, fixed and macerated dog mandibles in order to clarify the diversity of behavior of bone tissues under dry and moist conditions. Double-exposure holographic interferometry was applied and holograms were obtained from 12 fresh hemi-mandibles under static load (control group), which were randomly assigned to 2 groups: 6 were fixed in 10% formalin and 6 were macerated. The specimens were submitted to the same initial force and their respective holograms were obtained. Analysis of the holograms showed that the fresh specimens transmitted significantly less tension than the fixed and macerated ones (p<0.05), and the tension direction was different. An average two-fold tension increment was observed in the experimental conditions. The holographic interferometry method was efficient in quantifying and qualifying tension transmission. However, depending on the type of analysis, the anatomical specimens must be fresh because macerated specimens will produce different results.
Sialolithiasis is a disease that affects the salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of calcified structures within the duct system or within the glandular parenchyma. Those calculi, or sialoliths, can obstruct normal salivary flow, potentially leading to infectious sialadenitis, with pain, local swelling, and purulent discharge. Treatment typically consists of the surgical removal of the calculus, often in conjunction with sialoadenectomy. The authors report an atypical case of bilateral submandibular gland sialolithiasis treated conservatively, using intra-oral access to remove the calculi.
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