Objective: To evaluate the association between soft tissue at the chin (STC) thickness and mandibular divergence. Materials and Methods: Nongrowing patients seeking orthodontic treatment (n 5 190; 113 women and 77 men), who had an average age of 26.94 years (range 5 18.10-53.50 years), were stratified in four subgroups based on cephalometric mandibular plane inclination to anterior cranial base (MP/SN): low 5 MP/SN # 27u (n 5 48); medium-low 5 27u , MP/SN # 32u (n 5 60); medium-high 5 32u , MP/SN , 37u (n 5 37); and high 5 MP/SN $ 37u (n 5 45). The STC thicknesses were measured at pogonion (Pog), gnathion (Gn), and menton (Me). Group differences were evaluated with two-way analysis of variance and Student's t-test. The Pearson product moment correlation gauged associations between parameters.
Results:The STC values were greater in men than women (P , .02) and were smaller in the high group (7.47 6 2.42 mm) than in all other groups at Gn (mean values 5 9.00 mm , STC , 9.58 mm; P , .001) and at Me (high group 5 6.30 6 1.89 mm; other groups 5 7.15 mm , STC, 7.57 mm; P 5 .011). Conclusion: The STC is thinner at Gn and Me in hyperdivergent facial patterns, apparently in contrast to Pog. This differential thickness warrants focused research as it implies that it is possible (1) to vertically grow hard tissues impinging on the inferior soft tissue envelope in patients with severe hyperdivergence and (2) to plan for genioplasty in such patients when more advancement of the chin might be needed to compensate for the increased vertical height. (Angle Orthod. 2014;84:708-714.)
Aim. To assess severity of malocclusion in Lebanese elementary school children and the relationship between components of malocclusion and sociodemographic and behavioral factors. Methods. Dental screening was performed on 655 school children aged 6–11 from 2 public (PB) and 5 private (PV) schools in Beirut. A calibrated examiner recorded occlusion, overjet, overbite, posterior crossbite, midline diastema, and crowding. Another examiner determined the DMFT (Decayed/Missing/Filled Teeth) score. A questionnaire filled by the parents provided data on sociodemographic and behavioral factors. Multinomial, binomial, and multiple linear regressions tested the association of these factors with occlusal indices. Results. Malocclusion was more severe in PB students. Age and sucking habit were associated with various components of malocclusion. Crowding was more prevalent among males and significantly associated with the DMFT score. Income and educational level were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in PV pupils and deleterious habits were more frequent in PB children. Conclusions. Children of lower socioeconomic background had more severe malocclusions and poorer general dental health. Compared to Western and WHO norms, the findings prompt health policy suggestions to improve dental care of particularly public school children through regular screenings in schools, prevention methods when applicable, and cost effective practices through public and private enabling agencies.
A
BSTRACT
Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclination of the maxillary incisors (I), facial axis (FA), and growth axis (GA) in different vertical and sagittal patterns.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 498 consecutive orthodontic patients, with an average age of 18.87 years (range = 5–63 years), were grouped based on their vertical and sagittal patterns. Maxillary incisors, FA, and GA axes were traced and their corresponding angles to nasion-basion and true horizontal lines were measured. The sample was divided into three groups based on the mandibular divergence (mandibular plane-MP/sella-nasion [SN]): Group 1—hypodivergent pattern (MP/SN ≤ 27;
n
= 30), Group 2—normodivergent pattern (27 < MP/SN <37;
n
= 254), and Group 3—hyperdivergent pattern (MP/SN ≥ 37;
n
= 214); the sample was then divided into three groups based on the sagittal pattern (ANB, angle between points A, Nasion and B): Group I—skeletal CLI (Class I) (0
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