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More than 75 substituted thiosemicarbazones and a number of metal complexes of each have been assayed for their antifungal activity. Their activity is significantly affected by the substituted groups attached at both 1N and 4N of the thiosemicarbazone moiety. Greatest activity occurs for 2-substituted pyridine thiosemicarbazones with differences observed for 2-formylpyridine, 2-acetylpyridine and 2-benzoylpyridine derivatives and their metal complexes. Further, there are activity differences for 4N-alkyl-, 4N-aryl-, 4N-dialkyl- and 3-azacyclothiosemicarbazones and their metal complexes as well as changes in the substituent size among each of these subgroups. Cu(II) complexes are often more active than the uncomplexed thiosemicarbazones, with the latter showing similar activity to Ni(II) complexes in many instances. The reduction potential of the thiosemicarbazone ligand in a Cu(II) complex, the strength of the ligand field and various spectral properties can be correlated to the inhibitory activity.

Abundance and distribution of vascular plants and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi across a soil moisture-nutrient gradient were studied at a single site. Vegetation on the site varied from a dry mesic paririe dominated by little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) to emergent aquatic vegetation dominated by cattail (Typha latifolia) and water smartweed (Polygonum hydropiperoides). Plant cover, VAM spore abundance, plant species richness, and number of VAM fungi represented as spores, had significant positive correlations with each other and with percent organic matter. The plant and VAM spore variables had significant negative correlations with soil pH and available Ca, Mg, P and gravimetric soil moisture. Using stepwise multiple regression, Ca was found to be the best predictor of spore abundance. Test for association between plant species and VAM fungal spores indicated that the spores of Glomus caledonium are associated with plants from dry, nutrient poor sites and spores of gigaspora gigantea are positively associated with plants occurring on the wet, relatively nutrient rich sites. Glomus fasciculatum was the most abundant and widely distributed VAM fungus and it had more positive associations with endophyte hosts than the other VAM fungi. We found no relationship between beta niche breadth of plant species and the presence or absence of mycorrhizal infection. However, our data suggest that some plant species may vary with respect to their infection status depending upon soil moisture conditions that may fluctuate seasonally or annually to favor or hinder VAM associations.

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Reaction of 2‐acetylpyridine 4‐methylthiosemicarbazone (H4ML) with halides of zinc(II), cadmium(II), and mercury(II) afforded complexes of the form [M(H4ML)X2] [M = ZnII (1–3), CdII (4–6) or HgII (7–9); × = Cl, Br, or I]. Reaction of H4ML with K2PdCl4 and K2PtCl4 gave compounds of the form [M(4ML)Cl] [M = PdII (10) or PtII (11)]. In all the new compounds, which were characterized by elemental analyses, conductance measurements, and electronic, IR and 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy, and by 113Cd‐, 195Pt‐, or 199Hg‐NMR spectroscopy when relevant, the ligand is N,N,S‐tridentate, coordinating to the metal centre through its pyridine and azomethine nitrogen atoms and its thiocarbonyl sulfur atom, as was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction studies in the cases of 4· 2 DMSO, 5· 2 DMSO, 6· 2 DMSO, 7· 2 DMSO, 10, and 11. In in‐vitro assays, only [Zn(H4ML)Cl2] and [Zn(H4ML)Br2] showed some sign of antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger or Paecilomyces variotii.

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Twenty-one species of Trechispora are described and illustrated, and a key to the species is included. Six species are transferred to Trechispora: Corticium albo-ochraceum Bres., Cristella bispora Warcup & Talbot, Cristella gillesii Maas G., Polyporus molluscus (Pers.) ex Fr., Poria regularis Murr., and Corticium subsphaerosporum Litsch. One species is transferred to Cristinia: Corticium filium Bres. Fifteen names are reduced to synonymy and seven taxa formerly residing in either Cristella or Trechispora are excluded.