This study aimed to estimate the survival rate of breast cancer in a group of patients followed up at the Yaoundé General Hospital in Cameroon. A retrospective review of records of patients managed for breast cancer between 1995 and 2007 was carried out at the Yaoundé General Hospital. Survival analysis was carried out with survival defined as the time between the date of unequivocal diagnosis of cancer and the date of last follow-up or death. Survival curves were plotted in R.3.1.1 software. Mean age of the patients was 47.5 ± 12.36 years. Most of the patients (67.9%) presented with advanced breast cancer disease (stage III and IV). Overall patient survival rate was 30% at 5 years and 13.2% at 10 years. Median overall survival time was 2 (1.9-3) years. There was a correlation between survival and the stage of disease. The highest survival rates were recorded in stages I and II while the lowest rates were recorded in stage IV. There was no statistically significant difference in survival among the age groups (p = 0.15). Overall survival rates of breast cancer are 30% at 5 years and 13.2% at 10 years among Cameroonian patients and are lower compared with 90% and 82% respectively at 5 years and 10 years in some developed countries.
Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a serious health and social problem worldwide as well as in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to determine the obstetrical and perinatal outcomes of nulliparous adolescent pregnancies in a reference hospital in Cameroon. Methods: A retrospective cohort study to compare the outcomes of nulliparous adolescent pregnancies to those of nulliparous women aged 20 to 25 years was carried out at the Yaoundé General Hospital between January 1993 and December 2012. Results: Adolescent deliveries represented 2.84% (331 deliveries) of all deliveries registered during the study period. The adolescent mothers had a significantly higher incidence of preeclampsia/eclampsia, preterm delivery and low birth weight babies (<2500 g) when compared to the control group (OR, 3.46; CI 95%, 1.46 -8.18; OR, 1.94 CI 95%, 1.34 -2.79; OR, 1.98, CI 95%, 1.39 -2.46, respectively). However, placenta previa, abruptio placenta, episiotomy, cesarean section, vaginal instrumental delivery, perineal tears and post partum hemorrhage were not significantly different in the two groups. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding fetal distress, low Apgar score (<7 at the 1 st and 5 th minutes), the rate of admission in the neonatal intensive care unit, stillbirth and neonatal death. Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia/ eclampsia, preterm birth and low birth weight.
IntroductionLa césarienne est l'une des interventions chirurgicales courantes en obstétrique. L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer l'incidence des complications maternelles précoces de la césarienne dans deux hôpitaux universitaires de Yaoundé.MéthodesIl s'agissait d'une analyse descriptive d'une cohorte de 460 cas de césariennes à l'Hôpital Central de Yaoundé (HCY) et à l'Hôpital Général de Yaoundé (HGY) pendant la période du 1er avril au 30 septembre 2012.RésultatsLe taux de césarienne était de 19,7% dans l'ensemble de la population de l’étude, 18,64% à l'HCY et de 23,73% à l'HGY. Les indications de la césarienne étaient prophylactiques dans 191 cas (41,52%), urgentes en dehors du travail dans 67cas (14,56%) et urgentes au cours du travail dans 202 cas (43,91%). L'incidence des complications maternelles précoces était de 20,11% à l'HCY (69/343 cas), de 7,69% à l'HGY (9/117 cas) et de 16,95% dans l'ensemble (78/460 cas). Les complications hémorragiques étaient les plus fréquentes, 39(8,48%) cas dans l'ensemble, 35(10,2%) cas à l'HCY et 4(3,42%) cas à l'HGY. Tandis que les complications infectieuses étaient retrouvées dans 33(7,17%) cas dans l'ensemble, 31(9,04%) cas à l'HCY et 2(1,7%) cas à l'HGY. La différence des incidences de complications entre l'HCY et l'HGY était significative tant dans l'ensemble des morbidités (20,11% vs 7,69%; P=0,002) que pour les complications hémorragiques (10,2% vs 3,42%; P=0,02) et infectieuses (9,04% vs 1,71%; P=0,008).ConclusionLes complications maternelles précoces de la césarienne dans notre milieu restent considérables. Les complications hémorragiques et infectieuses sont les plus fréquentes.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine maternal and perinatal complications of pregnancies complicated by severe preeclampsia in three tertiary care centers in Cameroon. Methods: We carried out a descriptive cross sectional study from the 1 st of June 2012 to the 31 th of June 2014, among pregnant women with severe preeclampsia followed up in three tertiary level hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon: the Yaoundé General Hospital, the Yaoundé Central Hospital, and the Yaoundé University Hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using EPI 3.5.5. Data were described as means ± standard deviation, percentages and numbers. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used where appropriate. Results: Of the 2500 deliveries registered during the study period, 111 cases (8.49%) were managed as severe preeclampsia. Four patients refused to participate and were excluded from the study. Most of these patients were non workers (58.0%), pauciparous (61.7%) and young (median age of 27.47 years ± 6.46). Eclampsia (12.14%), abruptio placentae (11.21%) and hypertensive retinopathy (7.47%) were the most frequent maternal complications. Two cases (1.86%) of maternal deaths occurred in patients who had eclampsia. Prematurity (48.6%), intra uterine fetal death (13.1%) and oligoamnios (11.2%) were the most frequent fetal complications. All four neonatal deaths occurred in women in whom the diagnosis of severe preeclampsia was done between 28 and 33 weeks of gestation. Conclusion: Pregnancies complicated by severe preeclampsia had significantly high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Cameroon. The complications of severe preeclampsia can be prevented by more widespread * Corresponding author. J. D. K. Ngowa et al. 724 use of antenatal care, education of primary medical care personnel, prompt diagnosis of high-risk patients and timely referral to tertiary medical centers.
IntroductionIl s'agira de déterminer l'incidence et les facteurs associés à l'infection post opératoire dans les chirurgies gynécologiques et obstétricales propres et propres contaminées.MéthodesÉtude de cohorte prospective axée sur la surveillance de l'infection post opératoire chez les patientes opérées d'une chirurgie gynécologique ou obstétricale propre ou propre contaminée au Service de Gynécologie B de l'Hôpital Général de Yaoundé, après une antibioprophylaxie avec la cefazoline. La période d’étude de 18 mois s'est étalée de janvier 2012 à juin 2013. La surveillance des patientes opérées se poursuivait sur les 30 premiers jours post opératoires.RésultatsAu total 211 patientes opérées d'une chirurgie gynécologique ou obstétricale propre ou propre contaminée ont été enrôlées dans cette étude. La moyenne d’âge des patientes était de 35,4 ±10 ans; les chirurgies propres contaminées représentaient 76,3% et les chirurgies propres 23,7%. Nous avons observé au total 06 (2,8%) cas d'infection post opératoire, dont 03 (1,4%) cas d'infection du site opératoire, 02 (0,95%) cas d'infection urinaire et 01(0,47%) cas d'infection pulmonaire. Les variables significativement associées à l'infection post opératoire étaient la durée de la chirurgie (durée moyenne: 126± 89min vs 82± 50 min; p< 0,04) et le diabète (OR. 40,8; IC à 95%. 2,2-749,2; p < 0,000.ConclusionNotre taux d'infection post opératoire global de 2,8% et d'infection du site opératoire de 1,4% vient renforcer les données de la littérature sur l'efficacité de l'antibioprophylaxie dans les chirurgies gynécologiques et obstétricales propres et propres contaminées en milieu africain. Cependant le respect des principes d'asepsie péri opératoire et une sélection précise de la classe de chirurgie devraient être de règle dans notre contexte.
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