This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of multiple representation-based learning (MRL) model compared to discovery learning (DL) model and problem based learning (PBL) model in terms of students' initial abilities. The factorial design was used in this study. The selection of samples in this study was done through a random sampling technique. Three X classes of the same school was chosen. The three classes applied different learning model. The first class employed the MRL, the second class used the DL model, and the last class adopted the PBL model. Overall, the number of samples involved in the study was 117 students. The results of the study showed that the conceptual understanding of students learning using MRL was significantly different from the students learning to use problem-based learning with significant differences in N-gain was 0.0004, but not significantly different from the students using discovery learning. This finding showed that MRL is the most effective model for increasing the conceptual understanding of students with "low" and "moderate" initial ability compared to PBL and DL.
The importance of this research is to get to know the students' perceptions and motivation of the prospective chemistry teachers in facing online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research design used was descriptive qualitative research. The research was conducted on students of the Chemistry Education Study Program FKIP University of Lampung in 2017, 2018, and 2019. Data collection was carried out by using a questionnaire by means of google form and learning record data in the online data-log mode edusmart.fkip.unila.ac.id. and vclass.unila.ac.id. The results indicated that (1) the interaction pattern between the lecturers and students was quite good in terms of giving assignments and discussions. In terms of feedback and learning reflection, it, however, needs to be improved (2) Students' perception of online learning is less positive, this is indicated by the number of students who are disappointed because of learning methods un-interactive, (3) students are still not motivated yet to take online lectures due to limitation of internet signals and seem to consider it as assignments only.
Practical activities during the covid pandemic are difficult to do because all learning has turned to online learning. So that students are required to carry out independent practicum at home, even though laboratory equipment and materials are quite expensive and difficult to obtain. A breakthrough is needed so that the practicum can still be carried out. One of them is independent practicum using simple equipment and materials. Independent practicum is implemented in basic chemistry courses during the odd semester. However, reflection on the practicum is needed to identify motivation and an opinion from student. The research design used was descriptive qualitative research. The research was conducted on students of the Chemical Education Study Program, University of Lampung. Data was collected by using a questionnaire through a Mentimeter. The results showed that (1) students were highly motivated to participate in independent practicum because it was interesting, (2) students' perception of independent practicum is very good, this is shown by the number of students who are helped in understanding the concept of chemistry after doing independent practicum, (3) the obstacle experienced by students during independent practicum is the difficulty of signaling in some areas which causes the upload of independent practicum videos to be often late. This research is relevant and can be a practical breakthrough for both lecturers and teachers who have limited laboratory equipment and materials by loosening the collecting of practicum videos.
Chemistry practicum is still only concept verification or is a cookbook.This study aims to develop student worksheets on producing jelly as a colloid product by using perdu cincau leaves (Premna Oblongifolia). The method used in this study is development research with ADDIE models (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), which only done until development step. Analysis curricula of colloid topic and study of literature on project-based practicum and perdu cincau leaves have been carried out at analysis step. At this step also interviewed high school teachers and found that there is no student worksheets for supporting KD 4.15. At design step, the experiment of jelly producing using perdu cincau leaves was optimized and the best laboratory work design was obtained, such as materials, tools and procedures. Then, a project-based laboratory worksheet draft was created and validated by experts. Based on the suggestions given by the validator, content number 11 was omitted because it contained irrelevant instructions. Content number 2 added instructions. Content number 15 and 16 an explanation is added. Content number 3, 4 and 12, it is necessary to edit sentences. After revising, student worksheets is ready to be implemented in learning activities.
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