The findings of this study presented a preliminary survey on the extent of Pb contamination of soils in urban cities in central region of Philippines Island. With this kind of information on hand, government should develop a comprehensive environmental management strategy to address vehicular air pollution in urban areas, which shows as one of the most pressing environmental problems in the country. Basic to this is the continuous monitoring of Pb levels and other pollutants in air, soil, and water. Further studies should be conducted to monitor soil Pb levels in the six cities studied particularly in areas with elevated Pb concentration. The potential for harm from Pb exposure cannot be understated. Of particular concern are children who are more predisposed to Pb toxicity than adults. Phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated sites is strongly recommended to reduce Pb concentration in soil. Several studies have confirmed that plants are capable of absorbing extra Pb from soil and that some plants, grass species in particular, and can naturally absorb far more Pb than others.
Human activities in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems can cause the depletion of coastal resources. The study aimed to develop a decision support system for the municipality of Palauig, Zambales as the basis for coastal resource management. Water use allocation was done in a systems approach, using Gurobi® - mathematical optimization solver, considering priority goals of Palauig, goal 1 is to maximize mangrove use in minimizing disaster risk, goal 2 is maximizing water suitability and goal 3 is maximizing the total economic value of resources. The municipal water map was divided into 1-ha grids. Optimization run results showed that disaster risk fronting shoreline would be canceled by mangrove allocated on those areas. The area allocation of 331 ha mangrove, 1 ha coral, 1,573 ha seagrass, 50 ha fish cage, 33 ha MPA and 17,942 ha fishing area, the water uses would have economic values of Php 2.9B, Php 20.8M, Php 1.7B, Php 4.1B, Php 323M, and Php 33.9B, respectively. The area allocated for the fish cage did not exceed the allowable area set hence, its environmental impacts would be manageable. Production of 2.3MT would meet Palauig’s consumption requirement for fish.
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