ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for exposure of glaucoma drainage devices (GDD).SettingThis retrospective, observational study was conducted in the eye clinic of an academic medical centre.ParticipantsParticipants included 1073 consecutive adults who underwent GDD surgery between 1 January 2005 and 1 January 2011. Participants were included if chart review indicated GDD surgery during the study period and excluded if at least 12 months of clinical follow-up was not available in the medical record.Primary outcome measureThe primary outcome measure was exposure of the GDD occurring at least 1 month after implant surgery. The characteristics of participants who experienced exposure of the implant were compared to the characteristics of participants who did not experience exposure.ResultsOf the 1073 participants having undergone GDD surgery, 67 experienced exposure of the device. Neither the type of GDD, type of patch graft (eye bank sclera, Tutoplast sclera and Tutoplast pericardium), surgeon, location of GDD, number of GDD previously implanted into the eye, nor history of diabetes or uveitis were associated with likelihood of exposure. Women were more likely than men to experience exposure of the GDD (OR 2.004 (95% CI1.170 to 3.431)) in both univariable (p=0.011) and multivariable (p=0.013) analyses. In survival analysis, exposure of the GDD occurred earlier for women than for men (58 vs 61 months; p=0.024).White race (vs black) was also associated with increased risk of GDD exposure (OR 1.693 (95% CI 1.011 to 2.833)) in univariable (p=0.044) and multivariable (p=0.046) analyses.ConclusionsWomen are two times more likely to experience GDD exposure than men, independent of age. White race is also a risk factor for exposure.
To determine the proportions of glaucoma subtypes and risk factors for glaucoma in a large Japanese American clinic population. Methods: Medical records of patients of Japanese descent who visited 2 private ophthalmology clinics within the last 10 years were retrospectively reviewed. Glaucoma was diagnosed based on optic nerve findings and presence of visual field defects. Main outcome measures were distribution of glaucoma subtypes, characteristics of different glaucoma subtypes, and comparative results with Japanese American patients without glaucoma. Results: Of 1732 patients, 112 had glaucoma (6.4%). Of these, 17% had high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and 70% had normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). There were 2 patients with primary angle-closure, 3 with mixed
In this population of similar socioeconomic status and access to healthcare, race was not an independent predictor of diabetic retinopathy. This suggests that racial differences described in previous studies may be eliminated when social factors are equalized.
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