This study aimed to define the current functions and operations of hospital school programs nationwide. A 56-item survey was disseminated to hospital teachers across the country to examine perceptions about their work, programs, and professional practice. Quantitative findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics at the individual item-level. Qualitative responses were categorized for thematic review and analyzed using an inductive approach. The final sample included 88 completed surveys. Findings were classified into three broad categories: hospital school programming, hospital school teachers, and hospital school instruction. Results revealed that great variability exists across hospitals. Differences were evident in how programs were staffed, funded, and how services are allocated to patients during hospitalizations. Findings will contribute to the establishment of best practices for hospital school programs.
Summary Fumigation of soil with methyl bromide-chloropicrin (2:1, w/w) killed all detectable infective propagules of endogonaceous fungi in one field and reduced those in another to a trace. However, spore population densities were reduced by only half in the first field and not affected in the second. These effects persisted overwinter in the first field and through the growing season in the second. Apparently spores killed by fumigation do not degrade in soil readily. No evidence was obtained that commercial strawberry transplants were an important source for introduction of endogonaceous fungi.
SUMMARY.\ procedure for the isolation of single-spore cultures of endomycorrhizal fungi is described. A single spore is placed on plant roots with a Pasteur pipette by use of a binocular microscope, and the plant is transplanted into sand in a 50 ml growth tube. Plants are incubated for 6 to 8 weeks in a greenhouse and are continuously subirrigated by capillarity with dilute (5 to 10%) Hoagland's solution. Forty to 80 °o of plants inoculated by this technique with single spores of Gtomus macrocarpus, G. etunicatus and G. caledonius became infected. Cultures of G. constrictus and G. microcarpus were not obtained. Hoagland's solutions of up to 25°,, were equally effective for isolating G. macrocarpus, but limiting plant size by using only 5 or 10% Hoagland's solution was advantageous. The presence of spores on living root systems was the most reliable indicator of fungal development. Non-inoculated control plants incubated in a common Hoagiand's solution reserv^oir with inoculated plants never became mycorrhizal. The procedure uses readily available materials, is easy to use in the laboratory-and conserves greenhouse space and labour.
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