Background. Depression after stroke may have great burden on the likelihood of functional recovery and long-term outcomes. Objective. To estimate the association between depression after stroke and subsequent mortality. Methods. A systematic search of articles using PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were used as association measures for pooled analyses, based on random-effects models. Results. Thirteen studies, involving 59,598 subjects suffering from stroke (6,052 with and 53,546 without depression), had data suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled OR for mortality at followup in people suffering from depression after stroke was 1.22 (1.02–1.47). Subgroups analyses highlighted that only studies with medium-term followup (2–5 years) showed a statistically significant association between depression and risk of death. Four studies had data suitable for further analysis of pooled HR. The meta-analysis revealed a HR for mortality of 1.52 (1.02–2.26) among people with depression after stroke. Conclusions. Despite some limitations, this paper confirms the potential role of depression on post stroke mortality. The relationship between depression and mortality after stroke seems to be related to the followup duration. Further research is needed to clarify the nature of the association between depression after stroke and mortality.

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Our findings showed that FGAs, concurrent risky drugs, and alcohol use disorders prolonged QTc. FGAs had a direct effect on QTc, confirming the need for clinicians to monitor a risk that could lead to sudden unexplained death. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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This study is the first to date examining the impact of AUDs/SUDs and COMT variants on FER in an epidemiologically representative sample of subjects with schizophrenia. Our findings do not suggest an additional impairment from comorbid AUDs/SUDs on FER among subjects with schizophrenia, whilst COMT Val158Met, though based on a limited sample, might have a role just among those without AUDs/SUDs. Based on our results, additional research is needed also exploring differential roles of various substances.

This study is the first to date examining the impact of COMT on cognition in a highly representative sample of people with schizophrenia and comorbid AUD/SUD. Differential moderating effects of COMT Val/Met genotype variations may similarly influence executive functions in people with schizophrenia and comorbid AUD/SUD.

IntroductionStroke represents the third most frequent cause of mortality in developed countries, following only coronary heart diseases and cancer. Post-Stroke Depression (PSD) is extremely common among stroke survivors, and it may have great burden on the likelihood of functional recovery and long-term outcomes. We hypothesized that PSD is related to a higher rate of mortality among people suffering from a stroke.AimTo estimate the risk of mortality among subjects suffering from PSD as compared with stroke survivors who did not suffer from PSD.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of papers indexed in Pubmed. Both fixed and random-effects methods for estimating association and time-to-event pooled effects were used. The presence and the level of heterogeneity were assessed using Q test and I2 statistic.ResultsSeven papers had data suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled association effect for mortality at follow-up in people with PSD were statistically significant (p< 0.05). The time-to-event estimation showed a statistically significant correlation exclusively under the fixed effect analysis.ConclusionsThese findings pointed out the potential burden of PSD on post stroke mortality. Further investigation is required to clarify the nature of PSD/mortality association.

IntroductionAn analysis of the literature on eating disorders (ED) indicates that Eds are often comorbid with the diagnosis of Personality Disorder (PD). This seems to be a psychopathological feature, characteristic of this patient population. However, the double classification seems to be often insufficient when describing a very complex psychopathological picture. These observations have informed our intention to investigate these two distinct nosographic groups by means of a single construct.AimsThe aim of this study is to identify and describe (through tests that evaluate defense mechanisms) the defensive styles that characterize the two groups of patients, in order to outline a defensive profile that can assimilate or differentiate the psychopathological groups.Materials and methodsThe study was carried at the Department of Psichiatry of the San Gerardo Hospital in Monza. The Defence Style Questionnaire-40 (Farma Cortinovis, 2000) was administered and analysed. The sample consisted of 40 participants with eating disorders, recruited among the outpatients for eating disorders, and 40 patients with personality disorders recruited from two Psychiatric Outpatient Services.Results and conclusionsThe data analysis showed a statistical significance in the use of Immature defense mechanisms and Neurotic defence mechanisms in both clinical samples.The patients with PD used a significantly higher number of psychotic defense mechanisms than patients with ED. These results may suggest that in ED patients, the symptoms can be themselves considered as defense mechanisms, or a defensive style that characterizes and makes specific the psychopathological picture.