BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a worldwide health problem, and intravitreal injections of anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic agents represent the leading therapy to effectively treat DR and its complications. However, they are expensive, invasive, and stressful for patients. This study aims to demonstrate that statins and vitamin C (alone or in combination with statins) as complementary therapy could have an impact on the nonproliferative DR (NPDR) complication rate.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective review was conducted with 479 patients with NPDR. Statins and vitamin C intake were analyzed, along with the rate of diabetic macular edema (DME), vitreous hemorrhage (VH), circinate maculopathy (CM), and proliferative DR (PDR).
RESULTS:
Lower DME (
P
= .07) and VH (
P
= .018) rates were observed in patients who took statins compared with those who were statin-naïve. This difference was significant after accounting for vitamin C intake, with a lower rate of DME (
P
= .01) and VH (
P
= .008) in patients with statin–vitamin C combination therapy.
CONCLUSION:
Statins, alone or with vitamin C, appear to reduce the complication rate of NPDR.
[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:S23–S27.]
Purpose: To report a case of congenital simple Hamartoma of retinal pigment epithelium (CSHRPE) with avulsion of RPE without visual impairment. Methods: A 11-years-old Caucasian male presented with full visual acuity in both eyes, and was made diagnosis of CSHRPE after a complete ophthalmological examination. Was also performed: fundus photographs, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and OCT angiography (OCT-A). Results: He presented with full visual acuity in both eyes; fundus examination showed a small, darkly pigmented, well-circumscribed lesion involving the central fovea in the right eye. Conclusion:This case shows a rare complication such as avulsion can be still associated with high visual acuity. Despite CSHRPE was storically defined as congenital pigment epithelial adenomas or primary pigment epithelial hyperplasia without vascular or glial components; the new sophisticated imaging techniques show the coexistence of a vascular and glial involvement. So CSHRPE can be defined as isolated RPE Hamartoma for the prevalence of the epithelial component, but this is not the only component. These new sofisticated techniques, especially OCT and OCT-A, should take us to consider Retinal Hamartomas like a broad spectrum.
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