The electric energy industry plays a crucial role in the technological support of digitalization, and this leads to an increase in the requirements for its development. Leading developed countries are currently under energy transition and are creating innovative, intelligent energy systems (IES) of open type, which include active consumers, distributed generation mechanisms and the introduction of renewable energy sources. One can observe a deep structural transformation, expansion of the range of participants and creation of new value chains. The development of digitalization and IES provides with new opportunities for sustainable development of the economy and society. This stage facilitates the creation of new tasks for the investment climate in the power industry, so the development of an institutional system is justified
The development of retail electricity markets was specific in different countries. There is an important condition for further development of an electric power system with active consumers and prosumers’ participation and the integration of renewable energy sources (RES), other innovative technologies and smart solutions. This study is aimed at observation of tracks of development and of retail electricity market characteristics in some countries through introducing a uniform framework for comparison. The results can help both experts and authorities to better understand the tasks and the conditions for the processes of energy transition.
In modern conditions, the problems of economic security of socio-economic systems of various levels are in the focus of attention of Russian and foreign scientists. These problems are particularly acute for territories that have a pronounced source of raw materials and underdeveloped high-added value industries. Economic security of the city and the region cannot be ensured without due regard to the sectoral structure of the economy and the balance of budgets of all levels. An important indicator of the budget balance is the structure of the regional budget revenue, or, particularly, the structure of tax revenues to the budget, as well as the expenditure structure. The article discusses the distinctive formation features of revenue and expenditure parts of the regional and local budgets, analyses the most typical sources of revenue for different territories. The consolidated budget structure for the region and some municipalities based on the example of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krai) is analysed. The dynamics of revenues and expenditures is considered, the limitations stipulated by the regional law on intergovernmental relations are examined. As a result of the study, the authors arrived at the conclusions about the lack of balance between the analysed budgets, their inconsistency with the needs of the region, and, as a result, the existing threats to the economic security of the territory in question. The article contains recommendations on the development of economic activities in the Krasnoyarsk Territory that take into account the specifics of the studied region and that can improve the balance of local and regional budgets
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