Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) is the most common type of renal tumor in the neonatal period.
It is rare in the general population and usually benign, and the treatment protocol is poorly defined. The aim
of the present study is to present a retrospective analysis of the cases of mesoblastic nephroma treated at our
centre during the last 26 years. A retrospective study was conducted of 11 patients diagnosed with congenital
mesoblastic nephroma between 1st January 1990 and 30th September 2016 at our centre. A review of the
patients’ clinical records was carried out, analysing the demographic, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic,
survival and follow-up variables. Nine (81.8%) were males; one patient was diagnosed prenatally, 9 patients
in the first three months of life, and one patient when he was two years old. The most common presentation
was a palpable abdominal mass in 10 patients, 2 had haematuria, 6 of them had arterial hypertension, and
one had hypercalcaemia. The pathological findings were: 3 cases classic of classic CMN type, 4 mixed type
and 4 cellular type. Regarding the tumor stage, 7 patients were at stage I, 3 were at stage II and 1 was at
stage III. In all patients, the treatment of choice was radical nephrectomy, and 3 patients received
neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Only one patient presented a local recurrence and all of the patients are still
alive without any death related to the tumor. CMN is a rare renal tumor but it is considered the most frequent
renal tumor in the neonatal period, generally of benign behaviour, but recurrence is possible, and its obstetric
and perinatal complications can compromise life.
Introduction: Multilocular cystic nephroma (MCN) is a type of benign renal tumor that is sometimes
misdiagnosed with cystic Wilms Tumor. Given that each one has a different treatment, it is essential to make
a proper diagnosis.
Objective: Our aim was to find the differential characteristics of MCN and to be able to identify these renal
masses with low probability of malignancy, which are subsidiaries of a more conservative treatment.
Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study were we analyzed the patients with
MCN treated in our center between 1971 and 2016.
Results: We found 13 patients with a histological diagnosis of MCN, mostly males, with an average age of
46.8 months at the time of surgery. Clinically, 2 cases (15.4%) were asymptomatic, 6 had an abdominal
mass (46.1%), 3 had abdominal pain (23.1%) and 2 had hematuria (15.4%). The maximum diameter of the
mass was 7.3 cm (mean). 9 nephrectomies (69.2%) and 4 tumorectomies (30.8%) were performed. In two
of these (15.4%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered due to presurgical suspicion of Wilms'
tumor, which was discontinued after the pathological analysis. In another 4 patients with suspicion of MCN,
all of them asymptomatic and with a tumor size <3cm, non-surgical treatment was decided. At the present
time all patients (operated or not) stay alive. No. cases of distant metastasis, local recurrence or mass
progression (in the non-operated patients) have been recorded.
Conclusion: Given its good prognosis, MCN can be treated with a non-radical surgery or even non-surgical
conservative treatment in selected cases. In our experience, the clinical and radiological characteristics are
the pillars to identify those patients with low risk of malignancy in which this attitude could be carried out.
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