Cel pracyZbadano związek stylu radzenia sobie ze stresem i motywacji do spożycia alkoholu w kontekście ryzyka uzależnienia od alkoholu u studentów kierunków medycznych.MetodaBadaniem objęto 268 studentów kierunków medycznych W badaniach wykorzystano Test AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identyfication Test), Kwestionariusz Radzenia Sobie w Sytuacjach Stresowych (CISS), oraz autorską ankietę badającą poza danymi demograficznymi także motywację do picia alkoholu i sytuacje, w jakich badani sięgają po alkohol.WynikiW badanej grupie 94% osób spożywało alkohol w okresie ostatnich dwunastu miesięcy. W badanej grupie 16% studentów kierunku medycznego i 20% studentów stomatologii pije w sposób ryzykowny lub szkodliwy. W 2% przypadków zaobserwowano duże ryzyko uzależnienia od alkoholu Ponad połowa respondentów sięga po alkohol w celu radzenia sobie ze stresem. Dane dotyczące stylu radzenia sobie ze stresem nie wykazują różnic istotnych statystycznie w zakresie głównego stylu radzenia sobie ze stresem: skoncentrowanego na zadaniu, skoncentrowanego na emocjach, skoncentrowanego na unikaniu. Studenci kierunku lekarskiego istotnie częściej niż studenci stomatologii radzili sobie ze stresem w sposób unikowy (poszukiwanie kontaktów towarzyskich). Nie wykazano istotnego związku między stylem radzenia sobie ze stresem, motywacją do picia i ryzykiem uzależniania od alkoholu.WnioskiBrak związków między badanymi zmiennymi może wskazywać na stosowanie przez badanych innych czynności niż sięganie po alkohol w radzeniu sobie ze stresem. Ważna jest profilaktyka i stworzenie warunków sprzyjających rozwojowi strategii radzenia sobie ze stresem w grupie studentów kierunków medycznych.

Background: Disturbance in calcium metabolism has been suggested in the pathogenesis of hypertension, however, membrane calcium content in humans has not been studied in detail yet in primary hypertension. We compared plasma, intracellular and membrane calcium concentrations in erythrocytes of patients with essential hypertension and in healthy, normotensive control subjects to determine a possible alteration of membrane calcium in primary hypertension. Subjects and Methods: Thirty-four never treated patients with essential hypertension were included and 34 healthy, age-and sex-matched volunteers served as controls. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used for measurement of intracellular and membrane calcium content in erythrocytes and plasmalemmal preparations. Results: Plasma and intracellular Ca ++ concentrations

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of ankle brachial index (ABI) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in patients with or without coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension (HT) in cardiovascular risk prediction. We studied 200 patients randomized to one of four groups: CAD+HT+; CAD+HT-; CAD-HT+; CAD-HT- (Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Diseases, Poznan, Poland: 2009-2012). We evaluated: patient age, lipids profile, ABI and PWV. The cardiovascular risks according to SCORE and Framingham scales were assessed. Statistical calculations were performed in StatSoft Statistica 10. The most interesting aspects of this study were: logistic regression model evaluated the simultaneously influence of ABI and PWV on cardiovascular risk by the SCORE scale and logistic regression model evaluated the influence of ABI and PWV on cardiovascular risk according to the Framingham scale. They showed the possibility (SCORE) of more accurate estimation of cardiovascular risk in an individual patient and graduation of this risk in the exemplary patients. Analysis of the assessment of both: ABI and PWV in predicting of cardiovascular risk according to SCORE and Framingham scales using a logistic regression model indicates that the Framingham scale is less precise than the SCORE scale because it underestimates the real high cardiovascular risk.

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ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to assess the hemodynamic and metabolic actions of estrogen plus progestin therapy (EPT) in hypertensive, postmenopausal women treated with perindopril (ACEI) or hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). A group of normotensive postmenopausal women was also studied.Methods100 hypertensive and 40 normotensive postmenopausal women were recruited for the study. The hypertensive females were randomly assigned to receive ACEI or HCTZ for 12 months. The patients of the ACEI group and the patients of the HCTZ group, as well as normotensives, were further subdivided into two subgroups each. One subgroup received estrogen plus progestin therapy (EPT+), the other subgroup received no hormone replacement (EPT−). Combined hormone replacement with transdermal patches releasing 17β-estradiol and norethisterone was used. Office and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure was measured at baseline and during follow-up. Renal plasma flow (RPF) was measured using the clearance of [125I]-iodohippuran. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was determined with an automatic device.ResultsIn normotensive postmenopausal women, transdermal estrogen plus progestin therapy increases RPF and insulin sensitivity, decreases PWV, decreases total and LDL cholesterol, and decreases uric acid serum levels. Perindopril (4 mg/day) and hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/day) were equally effective in reducing blood pressure in postmenopausal, hypertensive subjects. In these females, perindopril increased RPF and decreased PWV and plasma insulin levels. These effects of the ACEI were not altered by estrogen plus progestin therapy. Hydrochlorothiazide decreased RPF and increased plasma insulin and uric acid concentrations in hypertensive subjects whom were not receiving estrogen plus progestin therapy.ConclusionsThe unfavorable metabolic and hemodynamic actions of the diuretic were counteracted by estrogen plus progestin therapy. Concomitant estrogen plus progestin therapy may be a method to avoid unfavorable hemodynamic and metabolic effects of thiazide diuretics in hypertensive, postmenopausal women.