Protonic ceramic fuel cells and electrolysis cells represent low- and intermediate-temperature electrochemical devices, which allow chemical-to-electrical energy conversion with very high efficiency and low environmental impact. In order to ensure the long-term operability of these devices, as well as to provide for their up-scaling, a number of existing challenges associated with chemical and thermal incompatibilities pertaining to the functional materials remain to be overcome. This work presents a comprehensive overview of new electrode materials based on barium cerate/zirconate. The structural fragments of these materials are similar to those of the proton-conducting Ba(Ce,Zr)O3 electrolytes, which causes superior chemical compatibility between different functional materials. The primary emphasis of the research is on the functional properties of these materials such as chemical stability, thermal expansion behaviour and transport features. This in turn determines the electrochemical performance of the designed electrodes. In addition, the possibility of obtaining triple-conducting materials is discussed as means of designing electrodes with a high electrochemical active surface area required for the design of high-performance protonic ceramic fuel and electrolysis cells.
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BaCeO 3 -based materials represent a well-known family of proton-conducting electrolytes, which can be used in different solid oxide electrochemical devices. An effective operation of the latter across an intermediate-temperature range requires improved transport of PCEs, including their grain (G) and grain boundary (GB) components. In the present work, some 3d-elements in a small amount were used as sintering additives to verify the possibility of improving the GB conductivity of BaCe 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 3-δ . It is shown that copper oxide (CuO) can be considered as one of the most effective sintering agents, since its use enables decreasing the GB density of the BCG ceramic material at the reduced sintering temperatures. The obtained results form a new tactic for designing new protonic electrolytes, whose conductivity might be prevail over ones containing Ni-based modifiers.
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