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The review represents a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state-of-the-art knowledge on layered Ruddlesden–Popper nickelates as promising electrodes for protonic ceramic electrochemical cells.

The present work describes the features of the synthesis and physicochemical and electrical properties of a new Dy-doped BaCeO3–BaZrO3 proton-conducting electrolyte as well as its application in a reversible solid oxide fuel cell.

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Protonic ceramic fuel cells and electrolysis cells represent low- and intermediate-temperature electrochemical devices, which allow chemical-to-electrical energy conversion with very high efficiency and low environmental impact. In order to ensure the long-term operability of these devices, as well as to provide for their up-scaling, a number of existing challenges associated with chemical and thermal incompatibilities pertaining to the functional materials remain to be overcome. This work presents a comprehensive overview of new electrode materials based on barium cerate/zirconate. The structural fragments of these materials are similar to those of the proton-conducting Ba(Ce,Zr)O3 electrolytes, which causes superior chemical compatibility between different functional materials. The primary emphasis of the research is on the functional properties of these materials such as chemical stability, thermal expansion behaviour and transport features. This in turn determines the electrochemical performance of the designed electrodes. In addition, the possibility of obtaining triple-conducting materials is discussed as means of designing electrodes with a high electrochemical active surface area required for the design of high-performance protonic ceramic fuel and electrolysis cells. The bibliography includes 208 references.

The protonic ceramic electrolysis cell NBN–BCZDy|BCZDy|Ni–BCZDy (where NBN = Nd1.95Ba0.05NiO4+δ, BCZDy = BaCe0.3Zr0.5Dy0.2O3−δ) has been successfully designed and tested for carrying out the CO2 electrochemical reduction.

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