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This article adopts a "pathways to sustainability" approach to study lead mining in rural China. Through an in-depth case study, it reveals how shifting mining practices are tied to institutional and political economic contexts, cost-benefit distribution, and changes in livelihood resources and strategies. It weaves together an analysis of livelihood practices with a study of attitudes to livelihood and environment, which are usually researched separately. In turn, it demonstrates that a longitudinal analysis may resolve the contradictory accounts of whether mining aids or hinders development, and whether local communities are victims or beneficiaries of such development.

Alternately cherished as a valuable resource and reviled as toxic and/or worthless detritus, depending on one's cultural vantage, e-waste comprises the scratched, dented, tarnished flipside of the lucrative consumer electronics industry. This article focuses attention on flows of e-waste from Japan to East Asia, scrutinising channels of production, consumption, reuse and conversion. First, the authors interpret the rhetoric of recycling and sustainability mobilised by Japanese interests to facilitate Asian trade in hazardous wastes, creating what detractors say is a pernicious form of 'waste colonialism' . Next, the researchers scrutinise the discursively linked creation in Japan, since 2001, of a network of state-of-theart WEEE processing facilities, in particular Panasonic's flagship PETEC, which they studied in 2013. They then turn to the protean material flows and the makeshift configurations engendered by e-waste itselfnot only pollutant when scavenged but frequently lucrative and welcome in de-manufacturing hotspots in China -and analyse the circulation of scavenged 'resources' in the researchers' fieldsite in the world's most notorious e-waste processing node, in Guangdong Province, where the team conducted ethnographic fieldwork intermittently during 2012-13. China's grand initiative of converting to statecontrolled formal processing, with Panasonic's assistance, facilitates a cross-cultural comparison of tensions between formal and informal conversion against the backdrop of the flawed Basel Convention regime, relevant to a range of societies. The paper argues that a relatively 'neutral' ethnographic approach to e-waste furnishes significant insight into thorny issues surrounding reckonings of risk and value in varying contexts and responses from those actually immersed in the processing trade, yielding important policy perspective.

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