ZusammenfassungDie kinetische Bewegungsanalyse dient beim Pferd u.a. dazu, die Beurteilung von Hufkorrekturmaßnahmen mit technischen Mitteln zu verbessern. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass derartige Untersuchungen mit dem hier getesteten, relativ kostengünstigen Hoof TM -System (Tekscan ® ) zur Ermittlung der Druckverteilung unter der Hufsohle nicht nur wissenschaftlich, sondern auch unter Klinikbedingungen möglich sind. Außerdem wurde mit dieser Methode die Fußung, die Belastung und der Abrollvorgang der Vordergliedmaßen von 10 Pferden auf dem Laufband untersucht. Bei den überwiegend zeheneng gestellten Gliedmaßen der Probanden dieser Studie traten erwartungsgemäß am häufigsten die laterale Fußung, eine stärkere Belastung der lateralen Hufhälfte und ein Abrollen über die laterale Zehe auf. Eine nicht geringe Anzahl von Gliedmaßen entsprach allerdings in Bezug auf die Interaktionen zwischen speziellen Gliedmaßen-bzw. Zehenstellungen und Hufformen einerseits mit der Fußung und der Belastung andererseits nicht den überlieferten Erwartungen. Deshalb ist zusätz-lich zu der Erfassung der Gliedmaßenkonformation eine individuelle Ganganalyse, z.B. zur Optimierung der Hufbalance, erforderlich. Die auf historischen Beobachtungen beruhende Fußungstheorie, die auch heute noch einen basalen Stellenwert im Rahmen der Hufzubereitung hat, wurde durch die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie mit moderner Technik als weiterhin bedeutsam bestätigt.Schlüsselwörter: Bewegungsanalyse / Kinetik / Hufsensor / Hufkorrektur / Fußungstheorie / Pferd Kinetic examination of initial hoof contact, load distribution and break-over in the forelimbs of horses walking and trotting on a treadmill using the Hoof TM System (Tekscan ® )Kinetic analysis of equine gait is used, among other purposes, as a technical means to aid in the clinical assessment of the effects of hoof trimming. The current study shows that the relatively low-priced Hoof TM System (Tekscan ® ) for hoof pressure measurement allows such investigations not only for scientific purposes, but also in clinical conditions. Additionally, initial hoof contact, load distribution and break-over of the fore hooves of 10 horses on the treadmill were analyzed with this technique. The limbs, which mostly had a toe-in conformation, showed predominantly, as expected, lateral landing, higher loading of the lateral aspect of the hoof and lateral break-over. However, a certain number of limbs showed motion and loading patterns that were not expected based on traditional interpretations of the effects of hoof and distal limb conformation. Therefore, gait analysis should be performed on an individual basis in this type of animals, for example for optimising hoof balance. The theory of dynamic hoof balance (Fußungstheorie), which is empirically based but still is fundamental for practical hoof trimming today, was confirmed by the results of the present study.
Kinetic and kinematic analysis of the influence of different head and neck position on biomechanics of the warmbloodThe aim of this study was to analyze the influence of different head and neck positions on hindlimb biomechanics. The basic research concept was a combination of kinetic and kinematic recordings in ten healthy horses which had to walk and trot on a treadmill in three different head and neck positions. In a first step kinematic and kinetic methods were developed for equine gate analysis using the relatively inexpensive three-dimensional high frequency motion analysis system of Simi as well as the hoof pressure system of Tekscan ® . This video analysis system allowed the objectivization of the three head and neck positions which were chosen for this analysis. The three head and neck positions resulted in significantly different atlanto-occipital and cervico-thoracic angles in walk and trot. Regarding the interaction between the head and neck positions and the hindlimb kinematics it was demonstrated that the metatarsophalangeal joint was significantly more hyperextended in the low position in comparison to the other two head-neck-positions. The vertical ground reaction force measured through the Tekscan ® -Hoof TM -System was significantly higher in the free head and neck position than in both other positions, indicating a significant reduction in loading of the fore quarters.
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