MXene nanosheets of type Ti3C2Tx were modified with β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and then used as a biosensor for amperometric sensing of β-hydroxybutyrate. The MXene and the nanocomposite were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The MXene has a layered structure and proved to be an excellent immobilization matrix that provides good compatibility with the enzyme β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. The MXene based biosensor, best operated at a potential of -0.35 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), displays a wide linear range (0.36 to 17.9 mM), a sensitivity of 0.480 μA mM -1 cm -2 , and a low detection limit (45 μM). The biosensor was successfully applied to the determination of β-hydroxybutyrate in (spiked) real serum samples
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