Milwaukee. She has a background in computer science and worked as a programmer/analyst. She has a PhD in library and information science from the University of Western Ontario. Her research interests include social tagging, information organization on the web, classification systems, information retrieval, collaborative web technologies and the creation and visualization of structures in information organization systems.Jihee Beak has a PhD in information studies from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. She is a member of the Knowledge Organization Research Group, School of Information Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, and an editorial assistant of Knowledge Organization journal. Her major research area is information organization including metadata, children's information seeking behavior, domain analysis, social tagging, subject headings, classification theory, etc. Her dissertation is a child-driven metadata schema based on a children's book selection behavior study.
IntroductionKnowledge organization concerns itself with the process of documenting the products of various domains of scientific and cultural research and expression. Disciplines with the longest history of intellectual inquiry often have the most granular systems in popular use to describe their respective processes and products of endeavor, such as the hard sciences, age old religions, mathematics, and philosophy. Yet the world is a place of continuous exploration, discovery, and development. Newer disciplines such as gender and sexuality studies, nanotechnology, and social media studies have shorter histories and have undergone challenges as terminologies adapt from older, parent disciplines to provide descriptive support for related, yet new concepts. One such discipline is that of street art.Street art, and the related term graffiti art, are situated within the broader narrative of fine arts in general, though there are many ways in which street art and graffiti art differ from other fine arts, in terms of traditional views of style, materials, and siting, but also in terms of legality and ethics, institutional recognition and support, preservation, and documentation. Unlike artworks in a museum or art gallery, graffiti art and street art exist outside these institutional boundaries, and therefore also largely outside the realm of concomitant efforts to preserve and document them in the standardized and detailed ways we are familiar with in the professional realm of libraries, archives, and museums (Cowick 2015, Dallas 2015.This does not mean the works are not being documented. On the contrary, the internet swells with sites devoted to photographs of the ephemeral works (Wacławek 2011). The rich sources of documentation contained on a number of these websites provide a treasure trove of terminology relating to the organization of graffiti art and street, vocabulary originating with those who create the works themselves and the community that documents, organizes, shares, and discusses it at great length.Grounded in a post-modern approach (Mai 1999) and in the need for more and deeper domain analysis to inform knowledge organization systems (KOS) (Smiraglia 2015, Hjørland 2017), I will examine specific terminologies that correspond to the needs of the graffiti art and street art community, supplying evidential support from an examination of over 240 graffiti and street art websites. The research herein culminates in an example of adaptation and change in response to the needs of the community within the Getty Research Institute's Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT). MethodsIn 2016 I examined graffiti process and product terminology as evidenced in a series of three graffiti zines (Graf). Terminology was extracted from a total of 38 issues of the zines, produced between 1984 and 2000. After normalization for spelling variations and parts of
Domain analysis is useful for examination of individual spheres of intellectual activity, both academic and otherwise, and has been used in the knowledge organization (KO) literature to explore specific communities and uses, including web pornography (Beaudoin and Ménard 2015), virtual online worlds (Sköld, Olle 2015), gourmet cooking (Hartel 2010), healthy eating (McTavish 2015), art studies (Ørom 2003), the Knowledge Organization journal (Guimarães et al. 2013), and domain analysis itself (Smiraglia 2015). The results of domain analyses are useful for the development of controlled vocabularies, taxonomies, ontologies, metadata schemas, and other systems for the documentation, description, and discovery of resources, as well as for knowledge discovery in general (Smiraglia 2015; Hjørland 2017). This research describes a methodology for the elucidation of knowledge organization systems (KOS) currently in use on image websites that document graffiti, graffiti art, and street art around the world.
Encyclopedism and its products, encyclopedias are an important form of knowledge organization system. Encyclopedias are deliberate cultural syntheses. Local online encyclopedias represent an emerging trend in the development of KOSs. The Encyclopedia of Milwaukee is one of the most recent additions to this trend. An interesting problem for research is how to visualize the domain of an evolving online encyclopedia. In this study, the base bibliography for one disciplinary cluster-education-is submitted to bibliometric domain analytical techniques. While parameters of a typical domain emerge, other atypical results also emerge, raising questions about the differences represented in encyclopedia domains as well as questions about the historical evolution of scholarship. Nonetheless, transitions in the evolution of the domain of education in Milwaukee, including increased author productivity and enhanced granularity, as well as local cultural distinction, clearly emerge.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.