Amit Singal and colleagues conducted a systematic review of the evidence that surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis improves early detection, receipt of curative treatment, and overall survival. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary

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Use of organs from donors testing positive for hepatitis B virus (HBV) may safely expand the donor pool. The American Society of Transplantation convened a multidisciplinary expert panel that reviewed the existing literature and developed consensus recommendations for recipient management following the use of organs from HBV positive donors. Transmission risk is highest with liver donors and significantly lower with non‐liver (kidney and thoracic) donors. Antiviral prophylaxis significantly reduces the rate of transmission to liver recipients from isolated HBV core antibody positive (anti‐HBc+) donors. Organs from anti‐HBc+ donors should be considered for all adult transplant candidates after an individualized assessment of the risks and benefits and appropriate patient consent. Indefinite antiviral prophylaxis is recommended in liver recipients with no immunity or vaccine immunity but not in liver recipients with natural immunity. Antiviral prophylaxis may be considered for up to 1 year in susceptible non‐liver recipients but is not recommended in immune non‐liver recipients. Although no longer the treatment of choice in patients with chronic HBV, lamivudine remains the most cost‐effective choice for prophylaxis in this setting. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin is not recommended.

Treatment of hepatitis C virus with potent, interferon-free, direct-acting antiviral regimens with no activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) may increase the risk for HBV reactivation in coinfected patients. We present 2 cases of HBV reactivation during treatment with an all-oral regimen of simeprevir and sofosbuvir and discuss strategies to prevent HBV flare.

There is insufficient evidence to recommend probiotic therapy as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy for C. difficile colitis. There is no evidence to support the use of probiotics alone in the treatment of C. difficile colitis.

§ Drs. Murphy and Parikh contributed equally and are co-senior authors Author contributions: Dr. Singal had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design (Singal and Parikh); Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of the data (all authors); Drafting of the manuscript (Singal); Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content (all authors); Obtained funding (Singal, Parikh); Administrative, technical, and material support (Singal and Parikh); Study supervision (Singal) Conflicts of Interest: Amit Singal was on speakers bureau for Gilead, Bayer, and Bristol Meyers Squibb. He has served on advisory boards for Gilead, Abbvie, Bayer, Eisai, Wako Diagnostics, Roche, and Exact Sciences. He serves as a consultant to Bayer, Eisai, Roche, and Glycotest. He has received research funding from Gilead and Abbvie. Neil Mehta has received research funding from Wako Diagnostics. Anjana Pillai serves as a consultant and is on speakers bureau for Eisai and BTG. Jordan Feld has received research support from Gilead, Abbvie, Merck, and Janssen. Binu John has served on advisory boards for Eisai. Catherine Frenette is on speakers bureaus for Bayer, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Gilead, Merck, Abbvie, and Eisai. She served on advisory boards for Gilead, Eisai, and Wako. She served as a consultant for Bayer and Gilead. She received research funding from Bayer. Parvez Mantry is on speakers bureaus and served on advisory boards for Gilead, Abbvie, Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Merck, and BTG. He has received research funding from Gilead and Sirtex. Michael Leise has received research funding from Abbvie. Kalyan Ram Bhamidimarri serves as scientific advisory board member for Gilead, Merck, and Abbvie. He has received research funding from Gilead. Laura Kulik is on speakers bureau for Eisai, Gilead, and Dova. She serves as an advisory board member for BMS, Eisai, Bayer, Exelixis Reena Salgia is on speakers bureau for Bayer. She has served on advisory boards for Bayer, Eisai, and Exelixis. Sanjaya Satapathy has received research support from Gilead and Bayer.He has served on advisory boards or as a consultant for Abbvie and Gilead.

Highlights SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was high compared to community in a cohort of health care workers at a single institution in the Bronx after the surge. Symptomatic participants had a higher rate of seroconversion compared to those without symptoms. Health care workers with anosmia and ageusia had increased odds of seroconversion in comparison to those without these symptoms. It is likely that a combination of healthcare and community exposure contributed to the seroprevalence.

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