BACKGROUNDLaryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are associated with hypertension, tachycardia, increased circulating catecholamines and increase in intraocular pressure. Aim of this study is to compare the effect of IV Dexmedetomidine and IV Clonidine premedication on the intraocular pressure changes, haemodynamic responses after succinylcholine injection and intubation.
Introduction: Children undergoing surgical procedures can experience significant anxiety and distress during perioperative period. Sedation in preoperative room remains one of the widely used methods. Intranasal route is preferred, as it is noninvasive and more convenient. Aim: To compare the efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine and Intranasal midazolam for paediatric premedication. Method: In this prospective, randomised controlled trial 100 patients of 2 to 9 years of age of either sex belonging to ASA class 1 and 2 Undergoing various elective surgery were divided into two groups. Group-1 received 0.2 mg / kg intranasal midazolam, group-2 received 1mcg/kg Intranasal dexmedetomidine 45-60 minutes prior to induction. Onset of sedation, degree of sedation, parent separation anxiety scale, acceptance of mask, venipuncture score were assessed. Results: The mean onset of sedation were higher in Group 2(19.34±4.16 Vs 15.46±5.09) which was statistically significant (P=.001). Mean sedation score were lower in group 2(2.6±0.61 Vs 2.98±0.59) which was statistically Significant (P=0.003). The Mean acceptance of mask score were lower In group 2(1.2±0.49 Vs1.54±0.73) which was statistically significant (P =0.008).The mean venipuncture score were lower in group 2(2.06±0.31 Vs 2.18±0.39) which was Statistically Insignificant (P=0.09).The mean parental separation anxiety scale were lower in group 2 (1.38±0.57 Vs 1.66±0.74) which was statistically significant (P <0.03). Conclusion: Intranasal dexmedetomidine results in higher sedation level, better parental separation and better acceptance of mask than intranasal midazolam but has slower onset of action than midazolam. Both the drugs having similar response to cannulation.
BACKGROUNDSedation has been shown to increase patient's satisfaction during regional anaesthesia and may be considered as a mean to increase the patient's acceptance of regional anaesthetic techniques. The aim of the study is to compare dexmedetomidine, propofol and midazolam for intra-and post-operative sedation, haemodynamics and complications.
Background: Pain is main post operative adverse outcome causing patient distress, prolonging hospital stay, and increasing the incidence of admissions after surgery. Study was done to assess and compare the post-operative analgesic efficacy offentanyl, butorphanol, pethidine by intranasal route. Methods: This study was conducted in the department of Anaesthesiology, Sardar Patel medical college and associated group of Hospitals Bikaner after taking permission from institutional research board. All eligible patients divided into 3 different groups: Fentanyl, Butorphanol & Pethidine administered intra-nasally for post-operative pain management. Results: Onset of analgesia was less in group I (fentanyl) 7.6±1.16 than group II (butorphanol) 10.23 ± 1.52 and group III (pethidine) 13.23 ± 2.06.Duration of analgesia was more in group II (butorphanol) 280 ± 36.17 than group I (fentanyl) 188 ± 28.06 and group III (pethidine) 187 ± 28.33 and rescue analgesia used in group II (butorphannol) is less than other groups. Adverse effect like nausea, vomiting and bitter taste in group II (butorphanol) is less than other groups. Conclusion: Intranasal instillation of butorphanol can certainly by recommended as a routine technique to improve postoperative analgesia.
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