In this research the authors examine the reentry of 51 parolees during the 3 years following their release from prison. The objective is to gain increased understanding of what differentiates successful parolees from those who fail. Success is defined as being discharged from parole by 3 years after release. The study examines the extent to which drug treatment, friendships, work, family bonds, and age are associated with reentry success. Contrary to expectations, it is found that closeness to mother, closeness to father, having a partner, being a parent, and education level are not associated with parole success. Those who succeed on parole are more likely to have taken a substance abuse class while in prison and on release tend to spend more time in enjoyable activities with friends. Among the employed, those that worked at least 40 hours a week are more likely to complete parole successfully. Qualitative data indicate that successful parolees had more support from family and friends and had more self-efficacy, which help them stay away from drugs and peers who use drugs. The findings are consistent with an integrated life course theory.

No abstract

This paper discusses child sexual abuse in a hospital serving a largely rural population in Eshowe, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa during a period of 9 years and 2 months. Child sexual abuse was a significant problem. The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases at presentation was high (65.9%). The abuser, when identified, was more commonly an acquaintance or stranger than a family member. The shortage of resources in 'third world' countries means that medical personnel must take the lead in identifying and managing children with sexual abuse. Frequently they must assume additional roles, such as that of social worker, if management is to be successful. However, high patient case loads in these situations make this difficult and therefore child sexual abuse may not be adequately dealt with. A possible solution to this problem is the use of outside agencies to research the problem and the establishment of regional special units to manage child abuse.

We are at a critical time in determining the trajectory of the discipline of Women's and Gender Studies (WGS). This article explores how WGS programs are marginalized within the academy, and alternately, by what means they have succeeded. We additionally take stock of predictions for the future of this highly dynamic discipline, drawn from the perspectives of those uniquely positioned to carve out these spaces and new territories-the directors of WGS programs. Data were gathered through a census of WGS programs at large 4-year institutions across the United States and Canada and supplemented by 24 in-depth follow-up interviews.Keywords educational quality/equity, female administrators, female faculty/students, feminist research, women in higher education If feminist studies are to remain vital . . . we have to recognize and resist defensive refusals to be moved out of entrenched positions, whether disciplinary or political . . . Where, when, under what conditions does the demand for excellence and visibility give way to an effort to interact and build the intellectual connections, with all their pleasures, that women's studies once promised, and at times, has even delivered?/With these questions, we end this book, leaving readers . . . on the edge. This edge is defined as a place of indeterminacy, at once exciting and precarious. Exciting because to be on the edge is to be on the verge of discovering new possibilities for a field that may only seem to be exhausted and new ways to disrupt prevailing arrangements and relationships of power. Precarious because in the quest for an as-yet-unimagined future there are never any guarantees.