Paleopalynological data reported in this research
The paleopalynological data presented in this scientific work were carried out in the soil deposits of Elbasan city, an ancient city located in Central Albania. For this scientific paper, data on the evolutionary line that the representatives of the Liliaceae family have followed for centuries have been presented. The time that is determined based on archaeological studies for the underground of Elbasan, corresponds to the period of the New Holocene. The main goal of this scientific work is to present the relationship between the presence of Liliaceae fossil pollen found in different depths of the earth, with its distribution in different time phases. Paleopalynological data for Liliaceae plants, during the analyzed period October-November 2022, are provided for the first time. Starting from the data obtained after the chemical and statistical analysis of the fossil pollen of Liliaceae plants, we have reached very interesting results, where we mention the fact of finding Liliaceae family palynomorphs at all soil depths, which corresponds to the entire New Holocene period to the present day. There is also a total of 828 fossil pollens that present an increasing trend from depth to the surface. Based on the results achieved, we are mainly of the opinion that: the change in vegetation presented over the years is related to the human influence in the cultivation of important and necessary plants for it, since the review of the literature does not reveal other factors that may have had a flora impact.
This scientific study was undertaken by presenting data on the presence of microorganisms (bacteria) and heavy metals found in the underground layers of Elbasan city. From the obtained results, it was judged whether the presence of bacteria and chemical elements is at such levels as to be considered as a soil pollution factor. The main purpose of this scientific paper is to provide the possible correlation between chemical and microbial soil pollution, which directly or indirectly affects the health of the city's residents. To achieve this goal, five soil samples were taken by digging to a depth of 0.5 m, during March 2023. Mainly, the Elbasan area has been at the center of criticism over the years and is considered an area with significant atmospheric pollution, of a chemical and microbiological nature. We have obtained results that prove chemical and bacterial data that can be considered as a soil pollution factor. In conclusion, based on the analysis of the results and compared with the permitted rates of pollution, the level of chemical pollution of the soil from the nickel element appears, which is in the amount of about 2 and a half times more than the standards determined by the relevant Regulatory Acts of the EU. Based on the study and monitoring that was done to the Elbasan city, we think that soil pollution is mainly dedicated to the activity of the farmer in the misuse of organic and chemical fertilizers, the mismanagement of wastewater by the relevant authorities, and especially the abusive activity to the detriment of nature carried out by industries that operate in the city.
In this above scientific work, data are given on the presence of microorganisms (main bacteria) and heavy metals present in the underground layers of the Elbasan city, located in Middle Albania. From the data obtained, we can reach an important conclusion, if the presence of bacteria and heavy metals is present at such levels that they can be considered as soil pollution factors.The primary purpose of undertaking this work was to present the possible connection between microbial and chemical soil pollution, pollution which has a serious impact on the population’s health.To complete this goal, five soil samples that were taken up to a depth of 0.5 m, in April 2023, were served. We emphasize the fact that Elbasan city has been considered over the years as an area with significant atmospheric chemical and microbiological pollution.From the statistical processing of the data, we obtained results that present data on chemical elements that can be considered as a possible factor of soil pollution.In conclusion, starting from the qualitative analysis of the results by comparing them with the allowed pollution rates from the EU, we find a chemical pollution of the soil from the element nickel, which is present in an amount about 2.5 times more than the standards defined by the Regulatory Acts of EU.We are of the opinion that the ascertained pollution of the Elbasani soil is mainly dedicated to the activity of agricultural farmers in the misuse of organic and chemical fertilizers, the mismanagement of wastewater by the relevant city authorities, and mainly to the abusive activity of light and heavy industries that operate in the city.
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