It is a truism that the information and communication technologies (ICT) have changed the way people engage in all aspects of their lives, including how the judiciary functions. The ICT applications adopted by the courts are varied including access to legal materials, high technology information and evidence display systems, electronic filing, foreign language translation, multimedia court records, information and evidence retrieval, audio conferencing, video conferencing and the public's access to court information via the worldwide web. Drawn from an ongoing research, this paper aims to highlight that the growing adoption of ICT by the courts in many jurisdictions in fact raises several issues of security risks. This paper begins by illustrating the concept of courtroom technology and the current technical applications available in the Malaysian courts. The examination of the emergence of non-legal risks closely connected to security and the legal risk raised by courtroom technology is mediated through the understanding of several basic security control requirements involving authentication, non-repudiation, confidentiality, data integrity and privacy encroachment. The paper contends that despite the common notion that law will always lag behind technology, the courts would need to understand these legal and non-legal security risks and manage them in the most efficient and effective manner if judicial business were to be continually advanced by the ICT.
Higher education institutions (HEIs) largely aim to produce holistic graduates, best in both worlds of academic and non-academic aspects. Although numerous literature has identified and described “holistic education”, it remains an issue if the students actually understand and appreciate the said term. Accordingly, this study seeks to investigate the students’ perception of HEI’s role in producing holistic graduates. Therefore, this paper seeks to answer two research questions, firstly, what are the characteristics of holistic graduates? And secondly, how do students perceive the academic and non-academic programs at the HEIs towards producing holistic graduates? Engaging in mixed approaches of quantitative and qualitative, this study investigates the students’ perception of HEI’s role in producing holistic graduates. An online survey was administered on 357 students of a targeted HEI. The findings reveal that the majority of the students are satisfied with the academic and non-academic programs offered at the HEI, as well as their perceived concept of the “holistic graduate” itself. Hopefully, the paper would shed light on further research in the area of students’ education and higher learning education generally.
Flooding has become one of the most rapidly growing types of natural disaster that has spread around the globe. It is is one of the major natural hazards in many countries and mostly affected in the low-lying or flood prone areas. In order to minimize loss of life and economic losses, a detailed and comprehensive decision making tool is necessary for both flood control planning and emergency service operations. In this paper, we demonstrate our research design for mobile based decision support of Flood Early Warning System (FEWS). We outlined four research objectives. Firstly, critical criteria for flood risk assessment will be identified and the second step will involve develop measurement model for relative flood risk using Geographic Information System (GIS), Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) and data mining technique. In the third objectives, the holistic architectural design is develop by incorporating the communication technology and other related ICT requirements for the mobile decision support. The fourth objective is to validate the mathematical model and architectural design. Case study approach is chosen in order to understand the flood event and validate the decision support model. Following well-defined procedures, flood maps were drawn based on the data collected from expert responses to a questionnaire, the field survey, satellite images, and documents from flood management agencies. It is anticipates that by integrating of mathematical model, GIS and mobile application in flood risk assessment could provide useful detailed information for flood risk management, evacuation, communication. The decision support design from this study is perhaps to improve the warning system and contribute to reduction of casualties.
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