Diabetic Retinopathy-Scott et al. JOUM" haziness of the media in a large proportion of diabetics made it difficult to visualize the capillaries in this study. Although, in Fig. 6 B, an arterial injection of fluorescein has shown up zones of capillary closure alongside arteries and scattered small areas of capillary closure (Ashton, 1953), we have been able to discern this phenomenon in only three patients after intravenous Dollery, C. T., Hodge, J. V., and Engel, M. (1962). Brit. med. 7., 2, 1210Brit. med. 7., 2, . (1963. Med. biol. Ill., 13, 4. Friedenwald, J. S. (1950). Amer. 7. Ophthal., 33, 1187. Gartner, S. (1950. Ibid., 33, 727. Goodman, L. S., and Gilman, A. (1955 , 1964, 1, 814-817 This paper describes a study of a simple physical sign of diffuse airway obstruction undertaken to see how accurate it is in comparison with more refined methods. Diffuse airway obstruction is a feature of asthma and of the chronic nonspecific disease which in Great Britain is commonly labelled as chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Clinical examination as usually practised is not a very good method of detecting or

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OF the known hemoglobinopathies, sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the disorder which has been investigated and reported the most extensively, and yet only a few of the publications have dealt with its manifestations in the first two years of life.~-3 The clinical expressions of this .condition are protean and are influenced to some extent by the age of the patient. This report summarizes the clinical picture in early life, based upon the findings in 18 patients who were diagnosed and followed during the first two years of life. Of these, 14 were males and four, females. It is believed that this uneven distribution of the sexes is accidental, since the disease in no way has been found to be sex-linked. METHODSSickling preparations were made with 2 per cent solution of sodium metabisulfite.Filter paper electrophoresis was done using Durrum cell, veronal buffer pH 8.6 ionic strength 0.05. Hemoglobin levels were determined by cyanmethemoglobin spectrophotometric macrotechnic. WBC counts were corrected for nucleated red blood cells. Serum bilirubin determinations were performed by modification of the method used by Hsia et al.io RESULTS AND 1?I~C ZI~S~C)1V