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Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à dor lombar nos últimos 12 meses entre adolescentes de um município do sul do estado do Piauí, Brasil. Estudo transversal com 1112 adolescentes de 13-19 anos do município de Caracol. Investigaram-se características demográficas, socioeconômicas, nutricionais, comportamentais e comorbidades. O desfecho foi a ocorrência de dor lombar (DL) nos últimos 12 meses. Foi calculada a prevalência do desfecho de acordo com as variáveis independentes. Entre os adolescentes com DL no último ano, foi calculada a proporção de indivíduos com dor lombar crônica. Para análise dos fatores associados, foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson bruta e ajustada para cálculo das razões de prevalência. A prevalência de dor lombar nos últimos 12 meses foi de 32,9%. De acordo com a análise ajustada, sexo feminino (RP = 1,75; IC95%:1,45-2,10), idade entre 18-19 anos (RP = 1,27; IC95%:1,01-1,62), maior renda (RP = 1,33; IC95%:1,06-1,67), estar trabalhando (RP 1,25 IC95%:1,02-1,53) e apresentar distúrbios psiquiátricos menores (RP 1,51 IC95%: 1,25-1,82) permaneceram associados à DL nos últimos 12 meses. Este estudo encontrou elevada prevalência de DL entre adolescentes de um município pequeno do semiárido nordestino.

Considering that there are unusual situations in the health sector in which disadvantaged groups are privileged, these findings are rare and indicate the presence of inequality in a way that is opposite to what was expected. The supplement should consider all women, especially older women, with higher education and better socioeconomic status.

This article aims to identify the prevalence and factors associated with influenza vaccination in pregnant women. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in a municipality in the southernmost region of Brazil, which included all women giving birth in 2016. The outcome was having received the vaccine against influenza during pregnancy. Sociodemographic, behavioral and prenatal care characteristics and morbidities were analyzed. The analysis included sample description, the prevalence of vaccination for each independent variable and a multivariate analysis. Two thousand six hundred ninety-four pregnant women were interviewed, of which 53.9% reported having been vaccinated. Factors associated with increased prevalence of vaccination were mother’s higher schooling, prenatal care, tetanus vaccination and prenatal care performed in a public service. On the other hand, prenatal care onset after the first quarter reduced the prevalence of vaccination. The results point to the need to reinforce the importance of vaccination against influenza among pregnant women and among health professionals, regardless of the severity of the current epidemiological setting.

Objective To describe children food consumption in the five municipal schools in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, and their main characteristics. Methods Cross-sectional study of children enrolled in five municipal schools. The mothers were interviewed at the school. The questionnaire about habitual food consumption was based on the guidelines of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. The data were entered in EpiData 3.1 and reviewed in Stata 14.0. The consumption frequency was reported according to each exposure category. Statistical tests based on Chi-Square test with 5% significance level and adjusted analyses through Poisson regression were used. Results A total of 548 children were included. Females represented 51.1% of the total sample; the average age was 48.3 months. Children up to two years of age were those who consumed the most fruits and vegetables while sweets were mostly consumed by older children, aged between three and four years. Unhealthy foods had a high frequency of consumption, with sweet being the most consumed (58.8%), followed by packet snacks (53.3%). In the adjusted analysis, eating meals in front of the screens remained associated with lower consumption of vegetables. Conclusion Eating meals in front of the screens reduces children’s vegetables consumption. At the same time, the child’s age and maternal education seem to have some influence on the consumption of unhealthy foods, indicating the need for nutritional education interventions.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de algumas características maternas sobre o uso do sulfato ferroso entre puérperas pertencentes a cinco estudos perinatais do Município de Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Entre 1º de janeiro e 31 de dezembro dos anos 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 e 2019, entrevistadoras previamente treinadas aplicaram, em até 48 horas após o parto, ainda no hospital, questionário padronizado a todas as puérperas residentes nesse município e que tiveram parto nos dois únicos hospitais locais. Foram investigadas características demográficas, socioeconômicas e cuidados recebidos durante a gestação e o parto. Teste qui-quadrado foi utilizado para comparar proporções e regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância na análise multivariável. A medida de efeito utilizada foi razão de prevalências. Dentre as 12.645 participantes (98,1% do total), 74,5% (IC95%: 74,7-76,2) utilizaram o sulfato ferroso durante a gestação. Essa prevalência variou de 61,7% (IC95%: 59,7-63,6) em 2007 a 81,1% (IC95%: 79,5-82,7) em 2019 (valor de p para tendência < 0,001). Após ajuste, verificou-se que a suplementação de sulfato ferroso foi significativamente maior entre gestantes adolescentes, de menor escolaridade (0-8 anos), pertencentes ao menor quartil de renda, que realizaram pré-natal considerado adequado e no setor público de saúde (p < 0,05). Houve grande melhora na prevalência de uso de sulfato ferroso no período estudado, no entanto ainda falta atingir a equidade. Recomenda-se que os profissionais de saúde priorizem as mulheres com mais idade, com melhor nível socioeconômico e que utilizam o setor privado de saúde durante o pré-natal.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate coverage, examine trend and assess the disparity reduction regarding household income during prenatal care between mothers living in Rio Grande, state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2007, 2010, 2013 and 2016. METHODS: This study included all recent mothers living in this municipality, between 1/1 and 12/31 of those years, who had a child weighing more than 500 grams or 20 weeks of gestational age in one of the only two local maternity hospitals. Trained interviewers applied, still in the hospital and up to 48 hours after delivery, a unique and standardized questionnaire, seeking to investigate maternal demographic and reproductive characteristics, the socioeconomic conditions of the family and the assistance received during pregnancy and childbirth. To assess the adequacy of prenatal care, the criteria proposed by Takeda were used, which considers only the number of prenatal appointments and gestational age at initiation, and by Silveira et al., who in addition to these two variables, considers the achievement of some laboratory tests. Chi-square tests were used to compare proportions and assess the linear trend. RESULTS: The total of 10,669 recent mothers were included in this survey (96.8% of the total). Prenatal coverage substantially increased between 2007 and 2016. According to Takeda, it rose from 69% to 80%, while for Silveira et al., it increased from 21% to 55%. This improvement occurred for all income groups (p < 0.01). The disparity between the extreme categories of income reduced, according to Takeda, and increased according to Silveira et al. CONCLUSIONS: The provision of prenatal care, considering only the number of appointments and the early start, occurred in greater proportion among the poorest. However, only the richest recent mothers were contemplated with more elaborate care, such as laboratory tests, which increased the disparities in the provision of prenatal care.

The objective of this article was to identify, among the members of the 1982 birth cohort in Pelotas, those who were trying to lose weight at the age of 23, and which strategies they used. From 2004 to 2005, 4,297 individuals from the 1982 cohort were interviewed. The effects of demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral factors on the prevalence of any strategy to lose weight in the past year were assessed in a cross-sectional analysis with the Poisson regression. Out of all the youngsters interviewed, 28.5% reported having used some strategy to lose weight. In the adjusted analysis, gender, schooling, family income, body mass index and smoking were associated with the use of some strategy. The strategy used by most of the young people was diet followed by physical activity. The results showed that appropriate preventive measures and body weight control are necessary, along with public policies aimed at encouraging healthy habits among young people, including physical and dietary education.