1 DIONES KRINSKI2,4 , ANGÉLICA MASSAROLI 3,4 , MARILZA MACHADO 5,6 RESUMO-A utilização de plantas para o controle de insetos tem aumentado em todo o mundo. Isto ocorre porque os inseticidas vegetais apresentam moléculas biodegradáveis, são menos tóxicos a mamíferos e potencialmente adequados para utilização no controle de pragas. As plantas da família Annonaceae estão ganhando destaque como biopesticidas por serem naturalmente bioativas, apresentando atividade citotóxica, antitumoral, vermicida, antimicrobiana, imunossupressora, antiemética, inibidora do apetite e crescimento, antimalárica e também inseticida. A atividade inseticida das anonáceas deve-se à presença de acetogeninas, substâncias que atuam nas mitocôndrias, inibindo a NADH -ubiquinona oxidorredutase, causando a morte dos insetos. Nesta revisão, relatamos a utilização de anonáceas no controle de insetos, mostrando que até o momento, apenas 42 espécies de anonáceas possuem informações de atividade inseticida contra pouco mais de 60 espécies de insetos-praga. Estas informações mostram que muita pesquisa ainda é necessária, principalmente para conhecer a atividade inseticida de outras espécies de anonáceas, além de seus efeitos sobre insetos-praga ainda não estudados. Assim, teremos como alternativa para o desenvolvimento sustentável, a utilização de novos inseticidas vegetais, como os obtidos das diferentes espécies de anonáceas, os quais podem atuar como mais uma ferramenta para equilibrar os exageros da agricultura química ou convencional. Termos para indexação: plantas inseticidas; fitoinseticidas; controle alternativo. INSECTICIDAL POTENTIAL OF THE ANNONACEAE FAMILY PLANTSABSTRACT-The use of plants compounds for the control of insects has increased worldwide. This occurs because the vegetal insecticides contains biodegradable compounds, nontoxic products and potentially suitable for use in pest control. Plants of the family Annonaceae are standing out as biopesticides because they are bioactive naturally in addition to presenting cytotoxic activity, antitumor, vermifuge, antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, anti-emetic, inhibiting appetite, antimalarial and also insecticide. The insecticidal activity of Annonaceae is due to the presence of acetogenins, substances that act on mitochondria inhibiting the NADH -ubiquinone oxidoreductase, causing the death of insects. In this review we report the use of Annonaceae in insect control, showing that so far, only 42 species of Annonaceae have information insecticidal activity against just over 60 species of insect pests. This information shows that much research is still needed, especially to get to know the insecticidal activity of other Annonaceae species, in addition to its effects on insect pests not yet studied. So we will have as an alternative to sustainable development, new vegetal insecticides such as those obtained from different Annonaceae species, which can act as an additional tool to balance the excesses of agriculture chemical or conventional.

This study aimed to verify the chloroform-methanol nymphicidal action of extracts of Annona mucosa leaves and seeds and of A. crassiflora seeds on second instar nymphs of rice stalk stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris. For each extract the concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 4.0%, 8.0%, and two control treatments (water and Tween80®) were used. The results show that the seed extracts of A. mucosa and A. crassiflora have insecticidal activity against the T. limbativentris nymphs with statistical significance for all concentrations when compared with controls. The seed extract of A. mucosa showed the higher toxicity with greater than 75% mortality at a concentration of 1.0% in the first 24 h after application. The leaf extract of A. mucosa presented the lowest toxicity with no more than 40% mortality. The seed extract of A. crassiflora showed intermediate toxicity among all the tested extracts, and the nymph's mortality exceeded 80% for the highest concentration after 120 h of application. Considering these results, we were able to observe that the seeds extract of A. mucosa may be an alternative for the control of bed bug nymphs T. limbatriventris, especially for small producers.

Occurrence of parasitoids in eggs of soybean lepidopteran pests, such as velvetbean caterpillar, soybean loopers and others the genus Spodoptera and Helicoverpa in Mato Grosso, Brazil was studied. Due to the scarcity of information on the natural occurrence of parasitoids in lepidopteran eggs in soybean fields in Mato Grosso surveys were conducted in Tangará da Serra to verify the occurrence these parasitoids. Surveys were conducted in two areas in Tangará da Serra, with a total of 591 eggs, of which 138 and 77 eggs were collected in area I and 274 and 102 eggs in area II, during the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 soybean seasons, respectively. From the eggs collected in area I, 26.6% were parasitized in the first year and 30.0% in the second season. In area II, the parasitism rates were 40.2% and 27.5% for the first and second season respectively. The species of parasitoid collected was Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) totaling 354 parasitoids. We conclude that there is a natural occurrence of T. pretiosum, this being the species of egg parasitoid found, and that parasitism rates were higher when compared with other studies under natural conditions, especially considering the large number of chemical products used in the fields. The identification of the eggs parasitoids in Mato Grosso State is important to development of biological control programs for lepidopteran pests.