Working with data from the PISA study (OECD, 2007), Lynn (2010) has argued that individuals from South Italy average an IQ approximately 10 points lower than individuals from North Italy, and has gone on to put forward a series of conclusions on the relationship between average IQ, latitude, average stature, income, etc. The present paper criticizes these conclusions and the robustness of the data from which Lynn (2010)
Recent results of international assessment programs (e.g., PISA) have shown a large difference in high school students' performance between northern and southern Italy. On this basis, it has been argued that the discrepancy reflects differences in average intelligence of the inhabitants of regions and is associated with genetic factors (Lynn, 2010a;. This paper provides evidence in contrast to this conclusion by arguing that the use of PISA data to make inferences about regional differences in intelligence is questionable, and in any case,
RESUMO: Objetivo: analisar a incidência de úlcera por pressão como indicador de qualidade assistencial no Hospital Coronel Frota/Porto Alegre. Método: estudo quantitativo que se valeu dos princípios da exploração e descrição, utilizando-se a análise estatística das notificações do evento adverso úlcera por pressão. Resultados: foram identificados baixos índices de úlceras por pressão. Os pacientes acometidos apresentavam diversos fatores de risco incluindo alterações nutricionais, de mobilidade e de nível de consciência. Destacou-se como cuidados de enfermagem na prevenção de úlceras por pressão o uso de colchão piramidal e a mudança de decúbito. Considerações finais: apesar de se constatar a existência do cuidado de enfermagem preventivo, mesmo assim houve o desenvolvimento de úlcera por pressão. Evidenciou-se a necessidade de ampliar as ações de prevenção de úlceras por pressão bem como, avaliar a acurácia das notificações dos eventos adversos. Descritores: Úlcera por pressão; Qualidade da assistência à saúde; Cuidados de enfermagem. ABSTRACT: Objective: to analyze the incidence of pressure ulcers as a healthcare quality indicator at Coronel Frota Hospital in Porto Alegre. Method: a quantitative study based on the principles of exploration and description, which used statistical analysis of adverse event reports of pressure ulcers. Results: low pressure ulcer rates were identified. The affected patients had several risk factors including changes in nutrition, mobility and level of consciousness. The use of pyramidal mattress and the position change were highly indicated as nursing care in the prevention of pressure ulcers. Concluding Remarks: pressure ulcers developed despite the existence of preventive nursing care. The need to expand pressure ulcer prevention efforts and to evaluate the accuracy of adverse event reporting was identified.
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