INTRODUÇÃO: A terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARV) foi introduzida no Brasil em 1996, como parte da política nacional de acesso gratuito aos serviços de saúde e medicamentos. Infelizmente, o seu uso contínuo tem sido associado com mudanças na distribuição da gordura corporal e com alterações metabólicas que podem aumentar a morbidade e mortalidade nesta população. O treinamento físico tem sido estudado como uma estratégia eficaz de intervenção não farmacológica para melhorar os parâmetros de aptidão física relacionados à saúde e para minimizar os efeitos indesejáveis da infecção pelo HIV e/ou o uso prolongado da TARV, no entanto, há poucos estudos sobre o treinamento físico, síndrome lipodistrófica e cardiologia.OBJETIVO: Avaliar o risco de doença isquêmica cardíaca em sujeitos HIV/AIDS em uso de TARV praticantes de treinamento concorrente com séries simples.MÉTODOS: Quatorze sujeitos foram avaliados através da circunferência abdominal, pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), colesterol total (CT), HDL, LDL, triglicerídeos (TG) e glicemia. Para a estimativa do risco coronariano em 10 anos utilizou-se o Escore de Framingham.RESULTADOS: A maioria dos sujeitos situou-se dentro dos valores de referência para as variáveis analisadas, exceto para os valores de LDL e TG. Treze sujeitos (92,7%) ficaram abaixo dos 10% de risco coronariano em 10 anos, e apenas um (7,3%) estava em risco moderado. Houve correlação significativa entre o tempo de treinamento e a PAS.CONCLUSÃO: Sugere-se a realização de ensaios clínicos randomizados para avaliar os mesmos desfechos deste estudo.
Ectonucleotidases and the nucleotide metabolism have been implicated as important regulators in diabetes disease. We evaluated the ectonucleotidase activities and biochemical parameters in blood serum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats submitted a physical training protocol. We observed a raise in ATP, ADP, AMP and p-Nph-5'-TMP hydrolysis rate and in the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in rat blood serum, after 30 days of diabetes induction. However, in serum of rats submitted a physical training protocol by forced swimming, both the nucleotide hydrolysis rate and the lipids levels returned to the control values. Considering that diabetes leads to multiple pathophysiological alterations, the modulations observed in ectonucleotidase activities may be part of the events involved in these alterations. Then the physical training is a very important way to control the vascular alterations developed in diabetes.
BackgroundHyperglycemia has been associated with decreased blood flow in various organs, leading to tissue damage and dysfunctions. Exercise training (ET) is known to promote beneficial changes in the autonomic nervous system and may have effects on circulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate coronary and renal blood flows and vascular resistances after ET in diabetic rats.MethodsThirty-two rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD), trained diabetic (TD). Diabetes was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg). The ET was performed on a treadmill for 10 weeks. The blood flows were measured using colored microspheres.ResultsThe diabetic groups presented hyperglycemia (blood glucose >350 mg/dL) and ET did not change this parameter. The SD group showed reduced renal blood flow when compared to SC group, and ET was able to normalize this parameter in TD rats (SC: 4.3 ± 0.5; TC: 2.9 ± 0.3; SD: 1.9 ± 0.4; TD: 3.2 ± 0.4 mL/min/g). TD group presented increased coronary blood flow in relation to SD group (SC: 2.3 ± 0.23; TC: 2.8 ± 0.5; SD: 1.2 ± 0.4; TD: 3.0 ± 0.4 mL/min/g). The heart and kidneys vascular resistance were increased in SD group when compared to SC group, and ET was able to reverse these changes.ConclusionsGiven the relevance of cardiomyopathy and nephropathy in mortality of diabetics, our results demonstrated that ET is effective in improving coronary and renal blood flows and vascular resistances in STZ-diabetic rats, reinforcing the positive role of this approach in preventing hyperglycemia-induced long-term organ damage.
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