Market forces are not the only influence on currency exchange rates. They can change due to monetary and fiscal policies among other international repercussions. Bitcoin, for its independence from all the central banks worldwide, has a natural shield that will change the direction in the economic policy of the industrialized countries. The research aim is to analyze the influence that indicators and financial assets can have on Bitcoin. The study tries to confirm the reasons why it has begun to be the solution in economies with unstable currencies.The behavior of the different agents appears as the core of the study. It is creating a backward 5-year work horizon. The data are continuous values, and they are the numerical variables for Pearson correlation analysis. The time series in fixed periods are the basis for the study of projections. Besides, the Relative Strength Index or Relative Strength Index called Welles Wilder is useful in the research. Bitcoin does not get influenced by the Dow Jones, gold price, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The independence in the creation of this cryptocurrency could in the long term end up turning it into a currency of world use. As a result, the understanding and management of this cryptocurrency could generate new ways of building the future monetary system. The new direction of the economy will be registered in the blockchain and not in a central bank.
Leadership is of great importance as it promotes a culture of innovation that generates a competitive advantage for organizations. Innovation can change the living standards of the entire population. The main objective of the study is to determine whether business leadership is an essential factor in promoting innovation in the manufacturing sector. In the methodological part, 323 companies were studied, also using the structure of the Ibero-American Model of Management Excellence to achieve excellence in management, innovation, and continuous improvement. The statistical tools used were Cronbach's Alpha and Chi-Square. Among the results manufacture of clothing and bodybuilding, there is a belief that it is not necessary to communicate the mission, vision, and values while in the manufacture of footwear, it is crucial. In the garment manufacturing sector, the study shows that it is necessary to keep track of raw material stock, product (stock management system), manage resources through strategic alliances with suppliers (web platforms for suppliers, purchase of supplies). In the case of bodies, have a social benefits plan (IESS affiliation, vacations, health), and that staff make their activities efficiently. And finally, in the footwear sector, organize space for work activities (layout), in addition to evaluating personnel through the human talent management tool (360 comprehensive evaluation) and complying with the footwear quality management system.Keywords: Business leadership, manufacturing sector, innovation, strategies, excellence in management.
En los últimos años ha ganado fuerza el voto facultativo en América Latina, en especial, en los adolescentes. El presente trabajo con ayuda del Modelo Newman, analiza algunos de los factores político. estrategias más relevantes en relación al medio de comunicación, el impacto en la mente del elector y las necesidades que satisface el marketing político en las expectativas del elector adolescente en Latino América.
El microcrédito fue un producto creado con fines sociales para personas que no tienen acceso al capital a través de canales tradicionales, pero su precio de mercado puede convertirse en un limitante para aquellos a quienes se pretende ayudar. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue: determinar la elasticidad precio del microcrédito, se consideró como aporte la variación en los montos demandados de crédito frente al precio de mercado (tasa de interés). En el análisis del coeficiente “r” se observa una relación indirecta, de esta manera hay tendencia estadística a la elasticidad del monto del microcrédito en relación a la tasa de interés del producto financiero. Como resultado del estudio se obtuvo que el precio del mismo al incrementarse afecto de manera drástica a su demanda. El resultado en la investigación realizada mostró un valor superior a 1 lo que indicó una demanda elástica para el mercado de microcrédito en la ciudad de Ambato. Un estudio elaborado para el mercado de microcrédito empresarial en Lima, Perú, presentó como resultado 2.25, la cual demostró ser elástica. Se pudo concluir: el microcrédito tiene como sustituto al agiotaje, lo que ocasiona el auge del mismo, al comparar estos dos encontramos que la tasa de interés del microcrédito no es alta, lo que deja abierta una infinidad de posibilidades para este producto, y con el pasar del tiempo se convertirá en el principal tipo de crédito entregado por las instituciones financieras.
La concepción del microcrédito ha ido cambiando hasta perder su fin al transformarse de un producto beneficioso a uno peligroso; sin embargo, también cambió el medio y su forma de aplicación. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar si la rentabilidad que obtiene la empresa a través del microcrédito es mayor que su costo. La investigación se centró en 22 empresas del sector, mediante un estudio de campo con encuestas validadas por el método de Wilcoxon, donde se establece la relación que existe entre el nivel de rentabilidad con las tasas de interés. Se determinó que la tasa de interés a la que se accede al microcrédito es mayor que el nivel de rentabilidad por lo que la utilidad que se obtienen en las empresas sobre el financiamiento es mínimo o no existe, en razón de quien verdaderamente gana es el banquero. Palabras clave: microcrédito, tasa de interés, endeudamiento, rentabilidad, riesgo de mercado ABSTRACT The conception of microcredit has been changing until its end is lost and transformed from a beneficial product to a dangerous one; however, also changed the medium and its form of application. The objective of the research was to determine if the profitability that gets the company through microcredit is bigger than its cost. The research developed is focusing on 22 companies per sector. It is applied a study of field through survey validated by the method of Wilcoxon where is sets the relationship that exists between the level of profitability in relation to rate of interest. It was determined that the rate of interest to which is enter to the microcredit is bigger that the level of profitability, where the utility that is obtained in the companies on the financing is minimal or it does not exist, because of that who truly wins is the banker. Key words: microcredit, interest rate, indebtedness, profitability, market risk
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