Objective: Using the unit-level data of women aged 15–49 years from National Family Health Survey-IV (2015–2016), the article maps the prevalence of hysterectomy across districts in India and examines its determinants. Methods: Descriptive statistics, multivariate techniques, Moran’s Index and Local indicators of Spatial Association were used to understand the objectives. The data were analysed in STATA 14.2, Geo-Da and Arc-GIS. Results: In India, the prevalence of hysterectomy operation was 3.2%, the highest in Andhra Pradesh (8.9%) and the lowest in Assam (0.9%). Rural India had higher a prevalence than urban India. The majority of women underwent the operation in private hospitals. Hysterectomy prevalence ranged between 3% and 5% in 126 districts, 5% and 7% in 47 districts and more than 7% in 26 districts. Moran’s Index (0.58) indicated the positive autocorrelation for the prevalence of hysterectomy among districts; a total of 202 districts had significant neighbourhood association. Variation in the prevalence of hysterectomy was attributed to the factors at the primary sampling unit, district and state level. Age, parity, wealth and insurance were positively associated with the prevalence of hysterectomy, whereas education and sterilization was negatively associated. Conclusion: Hysterectomy operation in India presented the geographical, socio-economic, demographic and medical phenomenon. The high prevalence of hysterectomy in many parts of the country suggested conducting in-depth studies, considering the life cycle approach and providing counselling and education to women about their reproductive rights and informed choice. Surveillance and medical audits and promoting the judicial use of health insurance can be of great help.
Background: In India, where most of the population is in the working-age group and as per census 2011, 2.1 % of the total population are disabled, the biggest concern is the onset of different types of disability among the working-age population as it directly affects the nation productivity and economy. This study aims to assess the consequences of disability in terms of loss and change of work experiences by the working-age population and to calculate the disability deprivation index of India and its states.Methods: Multinomial logistic regression has been used to find the impact of the onset of disability on the working-age population. The disability deprivation index has been calculated for Indian states. Results: The overall prevalence of disability is 2.2 %. Persons who worked before the onset of disability, maximum of them losses their work due to the onset of disability. The disability deprivation index shows which state is more deprived. Highest the ranking is the lowest deprivation, Kerala is the lowest deprived state, and Bihar is the highest. Conclusion: There are many facilities provided by government and NGOs for disabled, however the condition of disabled in India is severe since the availability of these facilities is limited to certain proportion of the population, there is requirement to upsurge these services and spread them. The disability deprivation index of majority of states of India lies in category of poor living conditions. The government and NGOs should work in specific direction so that quality of life of person with disability can improve.
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